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Upper Limb Musculature and Brachial Plexus

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Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal Atlas of Bonobos

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Abstract

In this chapter we describe the upper limb musculature musculature of the bonobos dissected by us and by other previous authors, and compare it with that of common chimpanzees. The three major differences between the two chimpanzee species are: (1) the intermetacarpales and flexores breves profundi muscles in the hand of bonobos usually fuse to form dorsal interossei, a shared feature with modern humans; (2) bonobos usually have a stout tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus attaching to digit 1 (in modern humans the homologous tendon of the flexor pollicis longus to digit 1 is usually also stout; and (3) bonobos usually have an attachment between the pectoralis minor and the coracoid process of the scapula, as modern humans usually do.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Howard University, Washington DC, District of Columbia, USA

    Rui Diogo

  2. Anthropology Center, City University of New York, Anthropology Center, New York, New York, USA

    Brian Shearer

  3. Unity of Human Anatomy and Embriology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Josep M. Potau

  4. Department of Anatomy and Radiology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain

    Juan F. Pastor & Felix J. de Paz

  5. Department of Animal Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Julia Arias-Martorell

  6. CASHP, Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

    Cassandra Turcotte, Ashley Hammond & Bernard Wood

  7. Development and Regeneration, Kulak Kortrijk, University of Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium

    Evie Vereecke

  8. Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium

    Marie Vanhoof

  9. Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium

    Sandra Nauwelaerts

  10. Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

    Sandra Nauwelaerts

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  1. Rui Diogo
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Diogo, R. et al. (2017). Upper Limb Musculature and Brachial Plexus. In: Photographic and Descriptive Musculoskeletal Atlas of Bonobos. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54106-8_3

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