Abstract
Optimizing movement of pedestrians is a topic of great importance, calling for modeling crowds. In this contribution we address the problem of evacuation, where pedestrians choose their actions in order to leave the endangered area. To address such decision making process we exploit the well-known floor-field model with modeling based on Markov decision processes (MDP). In addition, we also allow the pedestrians to cooperate and exchange their information (probability distribution) about the state of the surrounding environment. This information in form of probability distributions is then combined in the Kullback–Leibler sense. We show in the simulation study how the use of MDP and information sharing positively influences the amount of inhaled CO and the evacuation time.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bandyopadhyay, T., Won, K.S., Frazzoli, E., Hsu, D., Lee, W.S., Rus, D.: Intention-aware motion planning. In: Frazzoli, E., Lozano-Perez, T., Roy, N., Rus, D. (eds.) Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics X: Proceedings of the Tenth Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics, pp. 475–491. Springer, Berlin (2013)
Bernardo, J.M.: Expected information as expected utility. Ann. Stat. 7, 686–690 (1979)
Guo, R., Huang, H.: A modified floor field cellular automata model for pedestrian evacuation simulation. J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 41(38), 385104 (2008)
Hrabák, P., Ticháček, O., Sečkárová, V.: Estimation of discretized motion of pedestrians by the decision-making model. In: Knoop, V. L., Daamen, W. (eds.) Traffic and Granular Flow ’15, pp. 313–320. Springer International Publishing (2016). http://arxiv.org/abs/1602.09107
Hughes, R.L.: A continuum theory for the flow of pedestrians. Transp. Res. Part B Methodol. 36(6), 507–535 (2002)
Karasev, V., Ayvaci, A., Heisele, B., Soatto, S.: Intent-aware long-term prediction of pedestrian motion. In: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), pp. 2543–2549, May 2016
Kirchner, A., Schadschneider, A.: Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics. Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl. 312(12), 260–276 (2002)
Kretz, T.: Pedestrian Traffic, Simulation and Experiments. Ph.D. thesis, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany (2007)
Puterman, M.L.: Markov Decision Processes: Discrete Stochastic Dynamic Programming, 1st edn. Wiley, New York (1994)
Savage, L.J.: The Foundations of Statistics. Dover Books on Mathematics Series. Dover Publications, New York (1972)
Schadschneider, A., Chowdhury, D., Nishinari, K.: Stochastic Transport in Complex Systems: From Molecules to Vehicles. Elsevier Science B. V., Amsterdam (2010)
Sečkárová, V.: Dynamic parameter estimation based on minimum cross-entropy method for combining information sources. Pliska Stud. Math. 24, 181–188 (2015)
Sečkárová, V.: Performance of Kullback–Leibler based expert opinion pooling for unlikely events (to be published)
Shore, J.E., Johnson, R.W.: Axiomatic derivation of the principle of maximum entropy and the principle of minimum cross-entropy. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 26, 26–37 (1980)
Tanaka, T.: A study for performance based design of means of escape in fire. In: Cox, G., Langford, B. (eds.) Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Fire Safety Science, pp. 729–738. Elsevier (1991)
Ziebart, B.D., Ratliff, N., Gallagher, G., Mertz, C., Peterson, K., Bagnell, J.A., Hebert, M., Dey, A.K., Srinivasa, S.: Planning-based prediction for pedestrians. In: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS’09, pp. 3931–3936. IEEE Press, Piscataway (2009)
Acknowledgements
This research has been supported by the grants GAČR 13-13502S and GAČR 16-09848S.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sečkárová, V., Hrabák, P. (2017). Optimizing Movement of Cooperating Pedestrians by Exploiting Floor-Field Model and Markov Decision Process. In: Argiento, R., Lanzarone, E., Antoniano Villalobos, I., Mattei, A. (eds) Bayesian Statistics in Action. BAYSM 2016. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, vol 194. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54084-9_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54084-9_23
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-54083-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-54084-9
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)