Skip to main content

Soft Tissue Tumors in Children

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Musculoskeletal Diseases 2017-2020

Abstract

The approach to soft tissue tumors is very different in the child than in the adult. The majority of soft tissue tumors in children are benign, their origin usually being vascular, fibrous or neurogenic [1]. The incidence of malignancy is much lower: STS occur with an incidence of 11 per million [2] whereas the incidence in adults is approximately three times greater [3]. Particularly in children over six years of age, malignant soft tissue tumors in the absence of a predisposing condition such as NF are very rare. On the other hand, the most common soft tissue tumors are vascular malformations. Many soft tissue tumors occur in association with tell-tale findings in the skin (birthmarks in vascular malformation, café-au-lait spots) or with known syndromes. This review will focus on those aspects of soft tissue tumors that are unique to the pediatric population.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Laor T (2004) MR imaging of soft tissue tumors and tumor-like lesions. Pediatr Radiol 34:24–37

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Thacker MM (2013) Malignant soft tissue tumors in children. Orthop Clin North Am 44:657–667

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Jagannathan JP, Tirumani SH, Ramaiya NH (2016) Imaging in soft tissue sarcomas: current updates. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 25:645–675

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Dasgupta R, Fishman SJ (2014) ISSVA classification. Semin Pediatr Surg 23:158–161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Navarro OM (2016) Magnetic resonance imaging of pediatric soft-tissue vascular anomalies. Pediatr Radiol 46:891–901

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Olivieri B, White CL, Restrepo R et al (2016) Low-flow vascular malformation pitfalls: from clinical examination to practical imaging evaluation—part 2, venous malformation mimickers. AJR Am J Roentgenol 206:952–962

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. White CL, Olivieri B, Restrepo R et al (2016) Low-flow vascular malformation pitfalls: from clinical examination to practical imaging evaluation—part 1, lymphatic malformation mimickers. AJR Am J Roentgenol 206:940–951

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Sargar KM, Sheybani EF, Shenoy A et al (2016) Pediatric fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors: a pictorial review. Radiographics 36:1195–1214

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Laffan EE, Ngan BY, Navarro OM (2009) Pediatric soft-tissue tumors and pseudotumors: MR imaging features with pathologic correlation: part 2. Tumors of fibroblastic/myofibroblastic, so-called fibrohistiocytic, muscular, lymphomatous, neurogenic, hair matrix, and uncertain origin. Radiographics 29:e36

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sangkhathat S (2015) Current management of pediatric soft tissue sarcomas. World J Clin Pediatr 4:94–105

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Salamon J, Mautner VF, Adam G et al (2015) Multimodal imaging in neurofibromatosis type 1-associated nerve sheath tumors. Rofo 187:1084–1092

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Lim R, Jaramillo D, Poussaint TY et al (2005) Superficial neurofibroma: a lesion with unique MRI characteristics in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. AJR Am J Roentgenol 184:962–968

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Delgado J, Jaramillo D, Ho-Fung V et al (2014) MRI features of plexiform neurofibromas involving the liver and pancreas in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Clin Radiol 69:e280–e284

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Zacharia TT, Jaramillo D, Poussaint TY et al (2005) MR imaging of abdominopelvic involvement in neurofibromatosis type 1: a review of 43 patients. Pediatr Radiol 35:317–322

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Ahlawat S, Fayad LM (2015) De novo assessment of pediatric musculoskeletal soft tissue tumors: beyond anatomic imaging. Pediatrics 136:e194–e202

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Navarro OM (2009) Imaging of benign pediatric soft tissue tumors. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 13:196–209

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Diego Jaramillo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jaramillo, D. (2017). Soft Tissue Tumors in Children. In: Hodler, J., Kubik-Huch, R., von Schulthess, G. (eds) Musculoskeletal Diseases 2017-2020. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54018-4_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54018-4_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-54017-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-54018-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics