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Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Advanced Technologies

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Part of the book series: Clinical Gastroenterology ((CG))

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Abstract

The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been well described. The increased risk has been attributed to chronic mucosal inflammation, associated with early disease onset, increased disease duration, extensive mucosal involvement, and concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Because of this risk, prevention strategies have been recommended and the primary approach to such prevention has been colonoscopic assessment of the mucosa in search of precancerous or early-stage cancerous lesions. Recent developments of advanced visualization techniques such as high-definition colonoscopes and dye-spray chromoendoscopy have provided new options for our approach to prevention. Due to the fact that we now have better visualization techniques, the approach has shifted away from random nontargeted sampling biopsies toward targeted biopsies, active surveillance, and segmental or subtotal resections. In this chapter, we describe the evolving evidence related to cancer prevention in chronic colitis, with an emphasis on newer technologies and how they have changed the approach to detection and follow-up of neoplasia. We propose a rational approach to the incorporation of selective chromoendoscopy and outline the evidence gaps for future study and guideline development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 7082, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Noa Krugliak Cleveland MD

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Health Systems, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Jami A. Kinnucan MD

  3. Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 4076, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    David T. Rubin MD

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  1. Noa Krugliak Cleveland MD
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  2. Jami A. Kinnucan MD
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  3. David T. Rubin MD
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Correspondence to David T. Rubin MD .

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  1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Russell D. Cohen

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Krugliak Cleveland, N., Kinnucan, J.A., Rubin, D.T. (2017). Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Advanced Technologies. In: Cohen, R. (eds) Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clinical Gastroenterology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53763-4_7

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