Abstract
Sinonasal carcinomas are rare lesions, comprising 1% of all malignancies. They develop in a variety of tissues ranging from epithelial to neuroendocrine origin. The most prevalent ones are squamous cell carcinomas followed by adenoid cystic and adenocarcinomas. Generally speaking, ongoing inflammatory processes in the mucosa and exogenic noxa, such as smoking, might trigger their development. A high risk exists for adenocarcinoma, when patients are exposed to wood dust. Research on signaling pathways and genetic studies are still ongoing, and the first promising results may lead to future development of targeted tumor therapy, where today surgery combined with radio-(chemo)therapy is still the primary choice of treatment (Nat Rev Clin Oncol 11(8):460–472, 2014).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Llorente JL, et al. Sinonasal carcinoma: clinical, pathological, genetic and therapeutic advances. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2014;11(8):460–72.
Haerle SK, et al. Sinonasal carcinomas: epidemiology, pathology, and management. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2013;24(1):39–49.
Lund VJ, et al. European position paper on endoscopic management of tumours of the nose, paranasal sinuses and skull base. Rhinol Suppl. 2010;(22):1–143.
Lee GH, et al. Pattern of expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma. Am J Otolaryngol. 2012;33(5):585–9.
Franchi A, et al. Sinonasal carcinomas: recent advances in molecular and phenotypic characterization and their clinical implications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2011;79(3):265–77.
Bell D, Hanna EY. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: morphological heterogeneity, diagnosis, management and biological markers. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2013;13(3):285–96.
Nudell J, Chiosea S, Thompson LD. Carcinoma ex-Schneiderian papilloma (malignant transformation): a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 20 cases combined with a comprehensive review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol. 2014;8(3):269–86.
Tsou YA, et al. Evaluation of correlation of cell cycle proteins and Ki-67 interaction in paranasal sinus inverted papilloma prognosis and squamous cell carcinoma transformation. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:634945.
Zhang G, et al. Outcomes of the extended endoscopic approach for management of inverted papilloma. J Otolaryngol. 2007;36(2):83–7.
Jung YG, et al. Role of Wnt signaling pathway in progression of sinonasal inverted papilloma to squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2015;29(3):e81–6.
Yu H, et al. The role of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 in malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;271(8):2191–6.
Koo BS, et al. Altered expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papillomas. Rhinology. 2011;49(4):479–85.
Takahashi Y, et al. Establishment and characterization of novel cell lines from sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(22):6178–87.
Takahashi Y, et al. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu as a novel therapeutic target in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Head Neck. 2016;38(Suppl 1):E1926–34.
Gelbard A, et al. Molecular profiling of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Head Neck. 2014;36(1):15–21.
Ansari M, et al. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC): morphoproteomic-guided treatment paradigm with clinical efficacy. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2013;43(1):45–53.
Di Palma S, et al. Primary sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma presenting with skin metastases—genomic profile and expression of the MYB-NFIB fusion biomarker. Histopathology. 2014;64(3):453–5.
Dillon PM, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a review of recent advances, molecular targets, and clinical trials. Head Neck. 2016;38(4):620–7.
Lin YC, et al. Clinicopathological features of salivary and non-salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012;41(3):354–60.
Llorente JL, et al. Genetic and clinical aspects of wood dust related intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma: a review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;266(1):1–7.
Szablewski V, et al. EGFR expression and KRAS and BRAF mutational status in intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(3):5170–81.
Caltabiano R, et al. ADAM-9 expression in intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the sinonasal tract. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2011;19(3):283–7.
Mikkelsen LH, et al. Mucosal malignant melanoma—a clinical, oncological, pathological and genetic survey. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand. 2016;124(6):475–86.
Zebary A, et al. KIT, NRAS and BRAF mutations in sinonasal mucosal melanoma: a study of 56 cases. Br J Cancer. 2013;109(3):559–64.
Chraybi M, et al. Oncogene abnormalities in a series of primary melanomas of the sinonasal tract: NRAS mutations and cyclin D1 amplification are more frequent than KIT or BRAF mutations. Hum Pathol. 2013;44(9):1902–11.
Turri-Zanoni M, et al. Sinonasal mucosal melanoma: molecular profile and therapeutic implications from a series of 32 cases. Head Neck. 2013;35(8):1066–77.
Rapisuwon S, et al. Novel somatic KIT exon 8 mutation with dramatic response to imatinib in a patient with mucosal melanoma: a case report. Melanoma Res. 2014;24(5):509–11.
Safadi RA, et al. Immunohistochemical expression of keratins 6, 7, 8, 14, 16, 18, 19, and MNF-116 pancytokeratin in primary and metastatic melanoma of the head and neck. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2016;121(5):510–9.
Thompson LD. Olfactory neuroblastoma. Head Neck Pathol. 2009;3(3):252–9.
Weinreb I, et al. Expression patterns of Trk-A, Trk-B, GRP78, and p75NRT in olfactory neuroblastoma. Hum Pathol. 2009;40(9):1330–5.
Kim JW, et al. Expression of Bcl-2 in olfactory neuroblastoma and its association with chemotherapy and survival. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008;139(5):708–12.
Diensthuber M, et al. Expression of bcl-2 is associated with microvessel density in olfactory neuroblastoma. J Neurooncol. 2008;89(2):131–9.
Montone KT. The differential diagnosis of sinonasal/nasopharyngeal neuroendocrine/neuroectodermally derived tumors. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139(12):1498–507.
Chai L, et al. Clinical features and hypoxic marker expression of primary sinonasal and laryngeal small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a small case series. World J Surg Oncol. 2014;12:199.
Taggart MW, et al. Achaete-scute homolog 1 expression closely correlates with endocrine phenotype and degree of differentiation in sinonasal neuroendocrine tumors. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2015;19(3):154–6.
Rinner B, et al. Chordoma characterization of significant changes of the DNA methylation pattern. PloS One. 2013;8(3):e56609.
Miozzo M, et al. A tumor suppressor locus in familial and sporadic chordoma maps to 1p36. Int J Cancer. 2000;87(1):68–72.
Diaz RJ, et al. High-resolution whole-genome analysis of skull base chordomas implicates FHIT loss in chordoma pathogenesis. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.). 2012;14(9):788–98.
Gellner V, et al. Establishment of clival chordoma cell line MUG-CC1 and lymphoblastoid cells as a model for potential new treatment strategies. Sci Rep. 2016;6:24195.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tomazic, P.V. (2017). Carcinogenesis of Sinonasal Carcinomas. In: Haybaeck, J. (eds) Mechanisms of Molecular Carcinogenesis – Volume 1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53659-0_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53659-0_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53657-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53659-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)