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Microbial Applications Vol.1 pp 29–77Cite as

Microbial Conversion of Waste and Surplus Materials into High-Value Added Products: The Case of Biosurfactants

Abstract

During the last decades, researchers have been focusing on the development of economically viable bioprocesses, in order to produce fine and platform chemicals and polymers that will eventually replace the ones deriving from the petrochemical industries. Waste and surplus materials are inexpensive raw materials that do not directly compete with food, while their utilization maximizes the efficiency of the overall production process. Microbial conversion of such materials, deriving from various industrial processes, into biosurfactants is considered beneficial from a societal, environmental, and economic point of view since it contributes toward environmental protection, sustainability, and reduction of costs. Biosurfactants produced by bacteria may eventually replace synthetic surfactants due to their biodegradability and environmental compatibility. Interestingly, the diversity of their chemical structures and their complexity provides them unique features. Therefore, they are characterized by remarkable physicochemical properties so their potential industrial applications are quite diverse as they can be used as emulsifiers, de-emulsifiers, wetting, spreading, and foaming agents, functional food ingredients, and detergents in various industrial sectors such as petroleum and petrochemicals, organic chemicals, food and beverages, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, mining and metallurgy, agrochemicals and fertilizers, and environmental control and management.

Keywords

  • Biosurfactants
  • Bioconversion
  • Waste valorization
  • Renewable substrates
  • Properties and applications

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Acknowledgments

Dr Constantina Kourmentza would like to thank the European Commission for providing support through the FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF-Marie-Curie Action: Intra-European Fellowships for Career Development (grant no. 625774). Dr Filomena Freitas acknowledges FCT-MEC for fellowship SFRH/BPD/72280/2010. The authors acknowledge Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Ministério da Educação e Ciência (FCT-MEC), Portugal, through projects PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2013 and PEst-OE/AGR/UI0245/2014.

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  1. UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Biochemical Engineering Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (FCT/UNL), Quinta da Torre, Campus Universitário, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal

    Constantina Kourmentza, Filomena Freitas & Maria A. M. Reis

  2. LEAF–Linking Environment Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal

    Vitor Alves

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    Vipin Chandra Kalia

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    Prasun Kumar

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Kourmentza, C., Freitas, F., Alves, V., Reis, M.A.M. (2017). Microbial Conversion of Waste and Surplus Materials into High-Value Added Products: The Case of Biosurfactants. In: Kalia, V., Kumar, P. (eds) Microbial Applications Vol.1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52666-9_2

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