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The Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Reproductive System Development and Function pp 45–65Cite as

The Role of Heat Shock Factors in Mammalian Spermatogenesis

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Part of the book series: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology ((ADVSANAT,volume 222))

Abstract

Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), as regulators of heat shock proteins (HSPs) expression, are well known for their cytoprotective functions during cellular stress. They also play important yet less recognized roles in gametogenesis. All HSF family members are expressed during mammalian spermatogenesis, mainly in spermatocytes and round spermatids which are characterized by extensive chromatin remodeling. Different HSFs could cooperate to maintain proper spermatogenesis. Cooperation of HSF1 and HSF2 is especially well established since their double knockout results in meiosis arrest, spermatocyte apoptosis, and male infertility. Both factors are also involved in the repackaging of the DNA during spermatid differentiation. They can form heterotrimers regulating the basal level of transcription of target genes. Moreover, HSF1/HSF2 interactions are lost in elevated temperatures which can impair the transcription of genes essential for spermatogenesis. In most mammals, spermatogenesis occurs a few degrees below the body temperature and spermatogenic cells are extremely heat-sensitive. Pro-survival pathways are not induced by heat stress (e.g., cryptorchidism) in meiotic and postmeiotic cells. Instead, male germ cells are actively eliminated by apoptosis, which prevents transition of the potentially damaged genetic material to the next generation. Such a response depends on the transcriptional activity of HSF1 which in contrary to most somatic cells, acts as a proapoptotic factor in spermatogenic cells. HSF1 activation could be the main trigger of impaired spermatogenesis related not only to elevated temperature but also to other stress conditions; therefore, HSF1 has been proposed to be the quality control factor in male germ cells.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Science Centre, Poland, grant number 2014/13/B/NZ3/04650.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland

    Wieslawa Widlak & Natalia Vydra

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  1. Wieslawa Widlak
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  2. Natalia Vydra
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Correspondence to Wieslawa Widlak .

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  1. Dept. of Veterinary Biomed. Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

    Daniel J. MacPhee

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Widlak, W., Vydra, N. (2017). The Role of Heat Shock Factors in Mammalian Spermatogenesis. In: MacPhee, D. (eds) The Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Reproductive System Development and Function. Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology, vol 222. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51409-3_3

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