Abstract
Industrialisation and urbanisation alone were not capable of changing traditional household and marriage patterns in historic Europe. Thus the East and West typologisation, known as the symbolic Hajnal line, should not be understood as a paradigmatic demographic concept. It is more like a tool for an analysis of the variety of family systems. Chapter 1 presents a comparative overview of family systems, including household structures, marriage and inheritance models, divorce and separation, child-rearing, and nationalistic family ideologies in Europe. The chapter uncovers flexible family strategies practiced in most European peasant communities in order to preserve certain marriage forms and household structures.
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Notes
- 1.
The idea of spousal comradeship could have evolved from socialist notes on women’s liberation and could have been attractive to Lithuanian nationalists of that time. On the other hand, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and its historical heritage might have had an impact on the composition of gender roles in Lithuanian family ideology. The Statute of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1529–1795) was one of the most significant legal codes in Europe that implied the high position of a woman in the society, a fact that was attractive to Lithuanian nationalists.
- 2.
As Andrejs Plakans put it, Latvian nationalists of the time also did not idealise the peasantry. The first thing they saw in the “modern culture” of Latvia was the absence of all elements of peasanthood (Plakans 1974, 467).
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Leinarte, D. (2017). Introduction. In: The Lithuanian Family in its European Context, 1800-1914. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51082-8_1
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