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The Intersection of Ethnicity, Gender and Social Class in Fan Narratives and Performances

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Football Fandom and Migration

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Abstract

Whereas all chapters to some extent work with the concept of intersectionality, this chapter puts a spotlight on the intersecting performances of gender, social class, and ethnicity. The chapter analyses narratives and practices of self-ethnicising and its intersection with the construction of masculinities and femininities in fan narratives. The chapter looks into the negotiation of different perceptions of masculinities, feminism and the empowerment of women. The question of the interdependence of football places, gender constructions and the (re)production of social class is central to the analysis of this chapter. It critically looks at how intersecting performances of social class, gender and ethnicisation (re)produce boundaries in football places in Vienna and beyond.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Please see Sect. 2.2 for the definition and discussion of ethnicity and ethnicising practices.

  2. 2.

    Metin’s fan practices and narratives have already been central to the analysis of Sects. 4.2 and 4.5.

  3. 3.

    Fieldnote from 31 July 2013, fan bus from Vienna to Salzburg stadium, with Metin and his friends, Fan Club, Young Fenerbahçe Fan Club, more than 14 hours.

  4. 4.

    Fielnote from 14 February 2013, Fan Club and Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, with Mesut and people in pub, BATE Borissow vs. Fenerbahçe (Europa League).

  5. 5.

    Fieldnote from 31 July 2013, fan bus from Vienna to Salzburg stadium, with Metin and his friends, Fan Club, Young Fenerbahçe Fan Club, more than 14 hours.

  6. 6.

    Regarding the overwhelming use of orientalising practices as part of othering practices in football fandom performances see Chap. 4.

  7. 7.

    Fieldnote from 31 July 2013, fan bus from Vienna to Salzburg stadium, with Metin and his friends, Fan Club, Young Fenerbahçe Fan Club, more than 14 hours.

  8. 8.

    Fieldnote from 31 July 2013, fan bus from Vienna to Salzburg stadium, with Metin and his friends, Fan Club, Young Fenerbahçe Fan Club, more than 14 hours.

  9. 9.

    Fieldnote from 31 July 2013, fan bus from Vienna to Salzburg stadium, with Metin and his friends, Fan Club, Young Fenerbahçe Fan Club, more than 14 hours.

  10. 10.

    Original: ‚Der komische Diskurs schafft einen Zwischenraum, der Brüche und Widersprüche hegemonialer Diskurse offenlegt, (Um-)Deutungen von erfahrenen Abwertungen und Ohnmachtserfahrungen ermöglicht und Ambivalenzen, Unvereinbarkeiten und (Un-)Möglichkeiten artikulierbar macht.‘

  11. 11.

    Fieldnote from 2 May 2015, Fenerbahçe Pub and Fan Club, Vienna, with people in pub and people from fan club, Benfica Lissbon vs. Fenerbahçe (Europa League), evening.

  12. 12.

    Interview Mehmet and Sedat, 27 years old and 18 years old, male and male, Fenerbahçe fan and Fenerbahçe fan, 3 June 2013, Mehmet’s house, Vienna, afternoon/evening.

  13. 13.

    Fieldnote from 15 May 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, with people in pub, FC Chelsea vs. Benfica Lissabon (Europa League final), evening.

  14. 14.

    Fieldnote from 1 June 2013, charity event, Vienna, with people of the Young Fenerbahçe Fan Club, during the day.

  15. 15.

    Interview Mehmet and Sedat, 27 years old and 18 years old, male and male, Fenerbahçe fan and Fenerbahçe fan, 3 June 2013, Mehmet’s house, Vienna, afternoon/evening.

  16. 16.

    Fieldnote from 20 November, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, with Ayla and her friends and people in pub.

  17. 17.

    Interview Merve, 21 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 13 November 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, afternoon.

  18. 18.

    Interview Merve, 21 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 13 November 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, afternoon.

  19. 19.

    Merve does not mean boyfriends but friends that she considers to be still boys and not grown-up men yet.

  20. 20.

    Interview Merve, 21 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 13 November 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, afternoon.

  21. 21.

    Interview Ayla, 25 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 30 April 2013, her work place, Vienna, afternoon.

  22. 22.

    Interview Ayla, 25 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 30 April 2013, her work place, Vienna, afternoon.

  23. 23.

    Fieldnote from 30 July 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, meeting with Emre, afternoon.

  24. 24.

    Interview Merve, 21 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 13 November 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, afternoon.

  25. 25.

    Max Weber originally developed the concept of ideal types to facilitate sociological analysis. By emphasising its constructive and constructed character, he understands ideal types as a central sociological method to understand, interpret and explain social action. The researcher constructs an ideal type to illustrate ‘general rules’ of human action in a society or field he or she researches. An ideal type can be ‘rational’ and ‘irrational’. It mirrors the ideal construct of how actions should be. It is not intended to reflect the average picture of reality (Weber 1980 [1921], pp. 1–11).

  26. 26.

    Interview Merve, 21 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 13 November 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, afternoon.

  27. 27.

    Interview Ayla, 25 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 30 April 2013, her work place, Vienna, afternoon.

  28. 28.

    Interview Ayla, 25 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 30 April 2013, her work place, Vienna, afternoon.

  29. 29.

    For more information: Hürriyet Daily News [Yılmaz, Ç. C.] (2012).

  30. 30.

    Taylor (2011): http://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2011/sep/21/women-children-men-fenerbahce-ban .

  31. 31.

    Interview Ayla, 25 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 30 April 2013, her work place, Vienna, afternoon.

  32. 32.

    Interview Ayla, 25 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 30 April 2013, her work place, Vienna, afternoon.

  33. 33.

    Interview Ayla, 25 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 30 April 2013, her work place, Vienna, afternoon.

  34. 34.

    Fieldnote from 14 April 2013, Fenerbahçe Pub, Vienna, with people in pub, Fenerbahçe vs. Eskişehirspor (Süper Lig), evening.

  35. 35.

    Interview Cem, 34 years old, male, Galatasaray fan, 21 August 2012, Turkish restaurant, Vienna, late afternoon.

  36. 36.

    Also, this does not only apply to fans of Turkish football. The German football magazine 11 Freunde is the incarnation in the media of intellectual football talk and practices of class distinction.

  37. 37.

    Interview Selin, 28 years old, female, Fenerbahçe fan, 3 October 2013, hipster café, Vienna, afternoon.

  38. 38.

    Interview Sinan, 24 years old, male, Galatasaray fan, 23 November 2012, atelier at his university, Vienna, afternoon.

  39. 39.

    Fieldnote from 5 November 2013, Turkish restaurant (Football Restaurant), Vienna, with the student group, FC Copenhagen vs. Galatasaray (Champions League), evening.

  40. 40.

    Interview Sinan, 24 years old, male, Galatasaray fan, 23 November 2012, atelier at his university, Vienna, afternoon.

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  1. Vienna, Austria

    Nina Szogs

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Szogs, N. (2017). The Intersection of Ethnicity, Gender and Social Class in Fan Narratives and Performances. In: Football Fandom and Migration. Football Research in an Enlarged Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50944-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50944-0_5

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