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Fungal Infections in Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies

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Immunogenetics of Fungal Diseases

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Abstract

IFIs are important causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with either primary or acquired immunodeficiency. A wide spectrum of invasive mold and yeast infections are variably implicated depending on the type of immune deficit. A high index of suspicion is needed as prompt diagnosis of IFIs remains a challenge. Establishment of diagnosis is based on host factors, clinical evidence, and microbiological examination. Advancement in molecular diagnostic methods (e.g. serum biomarkers such as 1,3-β-D-glucan or galactomannan) and high-resolution radiological imaging has improved our diagnostic evaluation. The antifungal armamentarium has expanded rapidly in the past few decades.

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Abbreviations

CGD:

Chronic granulomatous disease

CNS:

Central nervous system

HSCT:

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

IA:

Invasive aspergillosis

IC:

Invasive candidiasis

IDSA:

Infectious Diseases Society of America

IFI:

Invasive fungal infection

IPA:

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis

SOT:

Solid organ transplantation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece

    Sarah P. Georgiadou

  2. Department of Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, Unit 402, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis MD

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    Agostinho Carvalho

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Georgiadou, S.P., Kontoyiannis, D.P. (2017). Fungal Infections in Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies. In: Carvalho, A. (eds) Immunogenetics of Fungal Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50842-9_1

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