Introduction: The Environmental Challenges in Vietnam

Abstract

This chapter introduces the reader to the most important environmental problems that Vietnam is currently facing. It seeks to show how the emphasis on economic growth has come at the expense of the natural environment. The description includes the problem of deforestation and land degradation, the still declining biodiversity, the increasing air and water pollution, the growing amount of highly polluting waste, and the challenges of climate change for a country with a very long coastline. These developments amply demonstrate that the environmental state is failing to effectively deal with the growing crisis. Unfortunately, due to resistance from powerful economic interest groups, environmental laws and regulations have not been effectively implemented. Why this is the case will be the focus of this book.