Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to discuss HIV prevention and intervention in the school setting. We focus not only on the impact of HIV on students infected with or affected by the disease but also on the importance of developmentally appropriate and comprehensive school-based HIV education. Using a three-tiered model, we describe school-related HIV issues within the following contexts: primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention.
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Annotated Bibliography
CDC. (2015). Schools play a key role in HIV/STD and teen pregnancy prevention. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/features/hivstdprevention/
This website provides background information on the importance of schools in preventing HIV/STD and teen pregnancy. Suggestions on how schools can support HIV and STD prevention and testing are described. The article concludes by giving a brief overview of the funding and assistance offered by the CDC.
Chenneville, T. (2014). Best practices in responding to HIV in the school setting. In A. Thomas & P. Harrison (Eds.), Best practices in school psychology (6th edition). Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists.
This chapter begins with an overview of HIV including prevalence and incidence, transmission, symptoms, and treatment. Basic considerations regarding legal issues and professional standards are described. Lastly, the chapter outlines best practices for responding to HIV in the school setting using a multi-tiered services model.
National Association of School Psychologists. (2012). Supporting students with HIV/AIDS [Position statement]. Bethesda, MD: Author.
This position statement contains examples of prevention and intervention efforts that schools should take including safety precautions as well as HIV/AIDS education for students, school personnel, and parents. Interventions need to consider confidentiality/legal issues and focus on psychoeducation and psychosocial factors. Disclosure, bereavement, and research/training issues are also discussed.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2015). National HIV/AIDS strategy: Overview. Retrieved from: https://www.aids.gov/federal-resources/national-hiv-aids-strategy/overview/
This website offers an overview of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States: Updated to 2020. The vision is for the United States to become a place where HIV rarely occurs and when it does occur there is adequate care. The goals and indicators of progress toward goals are described.
Walcott, C. M., Meyers, A. B., & Landau, S. (2008). Adolescent sexual risk behaviors and school-based sexually transmitted infection/HIV prevention. Psychology in the Schools, 45, 39–51. doi:10.1002/pits
This article describes risk and protective factors for adolescent sexual risk behaviors including demographic, social-contextual, and intrapersonal factors. Characteristics of effective STI/HIV prevention programs are described and evidence-based prevention and intervention programs are presented. For each program, the theory, description, targeted population, and behavioral findings are summarized.
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John Walsh, A.S., Lynn, C., Wesley, K.L., O’Leary, K., Chenneville, T. (2016). HIV Prevention and Intervention in the School Setting. In: Chenneville, T. (eds) A Clinical Guide to Pediatric HIV. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49704-4_6
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