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Cannabinoids as Regulators of Neural Development and Adult Neurogenesis

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Lipidomics of Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Neurogenesis plays an indispensable role in the formation of the nervous system during development. The discovery that the adult brain still maintains neurogenic niches that allow the continued production of new cells after birth has changed the field of neuroscience. It has also opened a new venue of opportunities for the treatment of central nervous system disorders related to neuronal loss. This chapter has reviewed the studies showing that genetic or pharmacological manipulation of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) or the enzymes responsible for endocannabinoid metabolism modify/regulate cell proliferation and neurogenesis during development and in the adult brain. A better characterization of the mechanisms involved in these effects could contribute to the development of new therapeutic alternatives to neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.

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Abbreviations

2-AG:

2-arachidonoylglycerol

AEA:

Anandamide

Ca2+ :

Calcium

CB1 :

Cannabinoid receptor type 1

CB2 :

Cannabinoid receptor type 2

CBD:

Cannabidiol

DAGL:

Diacylglycerol lipase

DG:

Dentate gyrus

E/I:

Excitation/inhibition

ECB:

Endocannabinoids

MAGL:

Monoacylglycerol lipase

NP:

Neural progenitor

SGZ:

Subgranular zone

SVZ:

Subventricular zone

THC:

Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Franciele Scarante for her technical support on design and graphic art of Figs. 6.1 and 6.3, and members of our research groups for an inspiring scientific environment. ACC and FSG are recipients of FAPESP grants. IGR research is funded by PI15-00310, RTC-2015-3364-1, and S2011-BMD-2336 supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Mineco (Plan Estatal de I+D+i 2013-2016) and Comunidad de Madrid. Research was cofinanced by the European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” (ERDF). JPL is a recipient of FPU (Ministerio de Educación) fellowship. MVF is recipient of a CAPES fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

    Alline C. Campos, Manoela V. Fogaça & Francisco S. Guimarães

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University, and Neurochemistry Universitary Research Institute, C/Jose Antonio Novais 12, Madrid, 28040, Spain

    Juan Paraíso-Luna & Ismael Galve-Roperh

  3. CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C/Valderebollo 5, Madrid, 28031, Spain

    Juan Paraíso-Luna & Ismael Galve-Roperh

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  1. Alline C. Campos
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  2. Juan Paraíso-Luna
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  3. Manoela V. Fogaça
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  4. Francisco S. Guimarães
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  5. Ismael Galve-Roperh
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Correspondence to Alline C. Campos .

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  1. The University of Melbourne & Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Alice Pébay

  2. The University of Melbourne & Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Raymond C.B. Wong

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Campos, A.C., Paraíso-Luna, J., Fogaça, M.V., Guimarães, F.S., Galve-Roperh, I. (2017). Cannabinoids as Regulators of Neural Development and Adult Neurogenesis. In: Pébay, A., Wong, R. (eds) Lipidomics of Stem Cells. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49343-5_6

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