Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition that poses a significant public health burden. Despite rapid advances in diabetes therapies and technologies, successful diabetes management still lies within the patients’ ability to self-manage their condition. Patient engagement and adherence to diabetes therapies and monitoring have always been a challenge for healthcare providers. Understanding the natural trajectories of diabetes is integral to delivering patient-centered care. Additionally, multiple factors, such as physical, environmental, personal, cultural, social, and psychological, influence patient engagement to diabetes therapy. Ongoing support from families, carers, and interdisciplinary healthcare providers are key to promote patients’ long-term self-care. Healthcare providers also need to build trust and individualize their care approaches to overcome psychological barriers to self-care including stigma, denial, guilt, fear, fatigue, and burnout. This chapter offers a range of practical tools to engage patients with diabetes in their therapy throughout their lifetime journey to maintain good quality of life and focus beyond glycemic control alone.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Al Sayah, F., Majumdar, S. R., Williams, B., Robertson, S., & Johnson, J. A. (2013). Health literacy and health outcomes in diabetes: A systematic review. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 28(3), 444–452. doi:10.1007/s11606-012-2241-z. Epub 2012 Oct 13.
American Diabetes Association. (2014). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2014. Diabetes Care, 37(Suppl. 1), S14–S80. doi:10.2337/dc14-S014.
American Diabetes Association. (2015). (4) Foundations of care: Education, nutrition, physical activity, smoking cessation, psychosocial care, and immunization. Diabetes Care, 38(Suppl.), S20–S30. doi:10.2337/dc2315-S2007.
Atlantis, E., Fahey, P., & Foster, J. (2014). Collaborative care for comorbid depression and diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 4(4), e004706. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004706.
Avery, L., Flynn, D., van Wersch, A., Sniehotta, F. F., & Trenell, M. I. (2012). Changing physical activity behavior in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioral interventions. Diabetes Care, 35(12), 2681–2689. doi:10.2337/dc2611-2452.
Bailey, S. C., Brega, A. G., Crutchfield, T. M., Elasy, T., Herr, H., Kaphingst, K., … Schillinger, D. (2014) Update on health literacy and diabetes. The Diabetes Educator, 40(5), 581–604. doi:10.1177/0145721714540220. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
Barello, S., Triberti, S., Graffigna, G., Libreri, C., Serino, S., Hibbard, J., & Riva, G. (2015). eHealth for patient engagement: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 2013. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.02013. eCollection 02015
Barnard, K. D., & Lloyd, C. E. (Eds.). (2012). Psychology and diabetes care. London: Springer.
Barry, M., & Edgman-Levitan, S. (2012). Shared decision making—The pinnacle of patient-centered care. New England Journal of Medicine, 366(9), 780–781. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1109283.
Best, J. D., Drury, P. L., Davis, T. M. E., Taskinen, M.-R., Kesäniemi, A., Scott, R., … Keech, A. C. (2012) Glycemic control over 5 years in 4,900 people with type 2 diabetes: Real-world diabetes therapy in a clinical trial cohort. Diabetes Care, 35(5), 1165–1170.
Blackberry, I. D., Furler, J. S., Best, J. D., Chondros, P., Vale, M., Walker, C., … Young, D. (2013) Effectiveness of general practice based, practice nurse led telephone coaching on glycaemic control of type 2 diabetes: The Patient Engagement and Coaching for Health (PEACH) pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 347, f5272. doi:10.1136/bmj.f5272.
Blackberry, I. D., Furler, J. S., Ginnivan, L. E., Derraz, H., Jenkins, A., Cohen, N., … O'Neal, D. N. (2014) An exploratory trial of insulin initiation and titration among patients with type 2 diabetes in the primary care setting with retrospective continuous glucose monitoring as an adjunct: INITIATION study protocol. BMC Family Practice, 15, 82. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-1115-1182.
Cameron, F. J., & Wherrett, D. K. (2015). Care of diabetes in children and adolescents: Controversies, changes, and consensus. Lancet, 385(9982), 2096–2106. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(2015)60971-60970.
Carrier, J. (Ed.). (2009). Managing lng-term conditions and chronic illness in primary care: A guide to good practice. London: Routledge.
Christie, D., Thompson, R., Sawtell, M., Allen, E., Cairns, J., Smith, F., … Viner, R. (2014) Structured, intensive education maximising engagement, motivation and long-term change for children and young people with diabetes: A cluster randomised controlled trial with integral process and economic evaluation—The CASCADE study. Health Technology Assessment, 18(20), 1–202. doi:10.3310/hta18200.
Corbin, S., & Rosen, R. (2005). Self-management for long-term conditions. London: King's Fund.
Coventry, P., Lovell, K., Dickens, C., Bower, P., Chew-Graham, C., McElvenny, D., … Gask, L. (2015) Integrated primary care for patients with mental and physical multimorbidity: Cluster randomised controlled trial of collaborative care for patients with depression comorbid with diabetes or cardiovascular disease. BMJ 350, h638. doi:10.1136/bmj.h1638.
Davies, M. J., Heller, S., Skinner, T. C., Campbell, M. J., Carey, M. E., Cradock, S., … Khunti, K. (2008) Effectiveness of the diabetes education and self management for ongoing and newly diagnosed (DESMOND) programme for people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 336(7642), 491–495. doi:10.1136/bmj.39474.922025.BE. bmj.39474.922025.BE [pii].
Davis, T. M., Davis, W. A., & Bruce, D. G. (2006). Glycaemic levels triggering intensification of therapy in type 2 diabetes in the community: The Fremantle Diabetes Study. The Medical Journal of Australia, 184(7), 325–328.
de Jongh, T., Gurol-Urganci, I., Vodopivec-Jamsek, V., Car, J., & Atun, R. (2012). Mobile phone messaging for facilitating self-management of long-term illnesses. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12, CD007459. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD14007459.pub14651852.
Dietrich, U. C. (1996). Factors influencing the attitudes held by women with type II diabetes: A qualitative study. Patient Education and Counseling, 29(1), 13–23.
Duncan, I., Ahmed, T., Li, Q. E., Stetson, B., Ruggiero, L., Burton, K., … Fitzner, K. (2011) Assessing the value of the diabetes educator. The Diabetes Educator, 37(5), 638–657. doi:10.1177/0145721711416256. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
Fisher, E. B., Ballesteros, J., Bhushan, N., Coufal, M. M., Kowitt, S. D., McDonough, A. M., … Urlaub, D. (2015) Key features of peer support in chronic disease prevention and management. Health Aff (Millwood), 34(9), 1523–1530. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0365.
Frosch, D. L. (2015). The patient is the most important member of the team. BMJ, 350, g7767. doi:10.1136/bmj.g7767.
Funnell, M. M. (2006). The Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes, and Needs (DAWN) study. Clinical Diabetes, 24(4), 154–155. doi:10.2337/diaclin.24.4.154.
Furler, J. S., Blackberry, I. D., Walker, C., Manski-Nankervis, J. A., Anderson, J., O'Neal, D., … Best, J. (2014) Stepping up: A nurse-led model of care for insulin initiation for people with type 2 diabetes. Family Practice, 31(3), 349–356. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmt1085. Epub 2014 Jan 28.
Furler, J., Walker, C., Blackberry, I., Dunning, T., Sulaiman, N., Dunbar, J., … Young, D. (2008) The emotional context of self-management in chronic illness: A qualitative study of the role of health professional support in the self-management of type 2 diabetes. BMC Health Services Research, 8(1), 214.
Gillani, S. M., Nevill, A., & Singh, B. M. (2015). Provision of structured diabetes information encourages activation amongst people with diabetes as measured by diabetes care process attainment: The WICKED Project. Diabetic Medicine, 32(7), 865–871. doi:10.1111/dme.12737. Epub 2015 Apr 11.
Graffigna, G., Barello, S., Bonanomi, A., & Menichetti, J. (2016). The motivating function of healthcare professional in eHealth and mHealth interventions for type 2 diabetes patients and the mediating role of patient engagement. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2016, 2974521. doi:10.1155/2016/2974521. Epub 2016 Jan 5.
Graffigna, G., Barello, S., Libreri, C., & Bosio, C. A. (2014). How to engage type-2 diabetic patients in their own health management: Implications for clinical practice. BMC Public Health, 14, 648.
Guicciardi, M., Lecis, R., Anziani, C., Corgiolu, L., Porru, A., Pusceddu, M., & Spanu, F. (2014) Type 2 diabetes mellitus, physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, and body satisfaction. An application of the transtheoretical model in older adults. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 2(1), 748–758. Epub 2014 Jul 15
Haas, L., Maryniuk, M., Beck, J., Cox, C. E., Duker, P., Edwards, L., … Youssef, G. (2012). National standards for diabetes self-management education and support. Diabetes Care, 35(11), 2393–2401. doi:10.2337/dc2312-1707. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
Harvey, J. N., & Lawson, V. L. (2009). The importance of health belief models in determining self-care behaviour in diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 26(1), 5–13. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02628.x.
Holman, R. R., Paul, S. K., Bethel, M. A., Matthews, D. R., & Neil, H. A. W. (2008). 10-Year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine, 359(15), 1577–1589. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0806470.
Holmes-Truscott, E., Pouwer, F., & Speight, J. (2014). Further investigation of the psychometric properties of the Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale among insulin-using and non-insulin-using adults with type 2 diabetes: Results from Diabetes MILES-Australia. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 12, 87. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-12-87.
Holt, R., & Kalra, S. (2013). A new DAWN: Improving the psychosocial management of diabetes. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 17(Suppl. 1), S95–S99. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.119515.
Holt, R. I. G., Nicolucci, A., Kovacs Burns, K., Escalante, M., Forbes, A., Hermanns, N., … Peyrot, M, the DSG (2013) Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs second study (DAWN2™): Cross-national comparisons on barriers and resources for optimal care—Healthcare professional perspective. Diabetic Medicine, 30(7):789–798. doi:10.1111/dme.12242.
International Diabetes Federation. (2013). IDF diabetes atlas. Belgium: International Diabetes Federation.
Inzucchi, S. E., Bergenstal, R. M., Buse, J. B., Diamant, M., Ferrannini, E., Nauck, M., … Matthews, D. R. (2012) Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: A patient-centered approach: Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care, 35(6), 1364–1379.
Jansink, R., Braspenning, J., Keizer, E., van der Weijden, T., Elwyn, G., & Grol, R. (2013). No identifiable Hb1Ac or lifestyle change after a comprehensive diabetes programme including motivational interviewing: a cluster randomised trial. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 31(2), 119–127. doi:10.3109/02813432.2013.797178.
Jansink, R., Braspenning, J., Laurant, M., Keizer, E., Elwyn, G., Weijden, T., & Grol, R. (2013). Minimal improvement of nurses’ motivational interviewing skills in routine diabetes care one year after training: A cluster randomized trial. BMC Family Practice, 14, 44. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-1114-1144.
Johnson, J. A., Al Sayah, F., Wozniak, L., Rees, S., Soprovich, A., Qiu, W., … Majumdar, S. R. (2014) Collaborative care versus screening and follow-up for patients with diabetes and depressive symptoms: Results of a primary care-based comparative effectiveness trial. Diabetes Care, 37(12), 3220–3226. doi:10.2337/dc14-1308. Epub 2014 Oct 14.
Jull, J., Witteman, H. O., Ferne, J., Yoganathan, M., & Stacey, D. (2016). Adult-onset type 1 diabetes: A qualitative study of decision-making needs. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 40(2), 164–169. doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.09.080. Epub 2016 Feb 26.
Kaufman, N. (2010). Internet and information technology use in treatment of diabetes. International Journal of Clinical Practice. Supplement, 166, 41–46. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02277.x.
Khunti, K., Nikolajsen, A., Thorsted, B. L., Andersen, M., Davies, M. J., & Paul, S. K. (2016). Clinical inertia with regard to intensifying therapy in people with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin. Diabetes, Obesity, & Metabolism, 18(4), 401–409. doi:10.1111/dom.12626. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
Khunti, K., Wolden, M. L., Thorsted, B. L., Andersen, M., & Davies, M. J. (2013a). Clinical inertia in people with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study of more than 80,000 people. Diabetes Care, 36(11), 3411–3417.
Khunti, K., Wolden, M. L., Thorsted, B. L., Andersen, M., & Davies, M. J. (2013b). Clinical inertia in people with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study of more than 80,000 people. Diabetes Care, 36(11), 3411–3417. doi:10.2337/dc13-0331. Epub 2013 Jul 22.
Kichler, J. C., Harris, M. A., & Weissberg-Benchell, J. (2015). Contemporary roles of the pediatric psychologist in diabetes care. Current Diabetes Reviews, 20, 20.
Kirby, T. (2015). Fergus Cameron: Getting the big picture in childhood diabetes. The Lancet, 385(9982), 2038. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60981-3.
Kuritzky, L. (2009). Overcoming barriers to insulin replacement. Journal of Family Practice, 58(8), S25–S31.
Lambert, V., & Keogh, D. (2015). Striving to live a normal life: A review of children and young people’s experience of feeling different when living with a long term condition. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 20(1), 63–77. doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2014.09.016. Epub 2014 Oct 5.
Lawson, V. L., Bundy, C., & Harvey, J. N. (2008). The development of personal models of diabetes in the first 2 years after diagnosis: A prospective longitudinal study. Diabetic Medicine, 25(4), 482–490. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02394.x. Epub 2008 Mar 13.
Lee, P. Y., Khoo, E. M., Low, W. Y., Lee, Y. K., Abdullah, K. L,, Azmi, S. A., & Ng, C. J. (2016) Mismatch between health-care professionals’ and patients’ views on a diabetes patient decision aid: a qualitative study. Health Expectations, 19(2):427–436. doi:10.1111/hex.12366. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
Leventhal, H., Brissette, I., & Leventhal, E. (2003). The common-sense model of self-regulation of health and illness. In L. Cameron & H. Leventhal (Eds.), The self-regulation of health and illness behaviour (pp. 42–65). London: Routledge.
Li, R., Shrestha, S. S., Lipman, R., Burrows, N. R., Kolb, L. E., & Rutledge, S. (2014). Diabetes self-management education and training among privately insured persons with newly diagnosed diabetes—United States, 2011–2012. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 63(46), 1045–1049.
Lorig, K. (2015). Chronic Disease Self-Management Program: Insights from the eye of the storm. Frontiers in Public Health, 2, 253. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00253.
Lyles, C. R., Sarkar, U., & Osborn, C. Y. (2014). Getting a technology-based diabetes intervention ready for prime time: A review of usability testing studies. Current Diabetes Reports, 14(10), 534. doi:10.1007/s11892-014-0534-9.
Malanda, U. L., Welschen, L. M., Riphagen, I. I., Dekker, J. M., Nijpels, G., & Bot, S. D. (2012). Self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are not using insulin. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1, CD005060. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005060.pub3.
Malik, F. S., & Taplin, C. E. (2014). Insulin therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Paediatric Drugs, 16(2), 141–150. doi:10.1007/s40272-014-0064-6.
Martins, R. K., & McNeil, D. W. (2009). Review of motivational interviewing in promoting health behaviors. Clinical Psychology Review, 29(4), 283–293. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.02.001. Epub 2009 Feb 23.
Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. R. (Eds.). (2002). Motivational interviewing: Preparing people for change (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
Mulvaney, S. A., Hood, K. K., Schlundt, D. G., Osborn, C. Y., Johnson, K. B., Rothman, R. L., & Wallston, K. A. (2011) Development and initial validation of the barriers to diabetes adherence measure for adolescents. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 94(1):77–83. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2011.06.010. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
Nam, S., Chesla, C., Stotts, N. A., Kroon, L., & Janson, S. L. (2011). Barriers to diabetes management: Patient and provider factors. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 93(1), 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2011.02.002. Epub 2011 Mar 5.
Newton, P., Asimakopoulou, K., & Scambler, S. (2015). A qualitative exploration of motivation to self-manage and styles of self-management amongst people living with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2015, 638205. doi:10.1155/2015/638205. Epub 2015 May 4.
Norris, S. L., Lau, J., Smith, S. J., Schmid, C. H., & Engelgau, M. M. (2002). Self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of the effect on glycemic control. Diabetes Care, 25(7), 1159–1171.
Pal, K., Eastwood, S. V., Michie, S., Farmer, A. J., Barnard, M. L., Peacock, R., … Murray, E. (2013) Computer-based diabetes self-management interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3), CD008776. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008776.pub2.
Parker, R. (2000). Health literacy: A challenge for American patients and their health care providers. Health Promotion International, 15(4), 277–283. doi:10.1093/heapro/15.4.277.
Perez-Tortosa, S., Roig, L., Manresa, J. M., Martin-Cantera, C., Puigdomenech, E., Roura, P., … Advani, M. (2015) Continued smoking abstinence in diabetic patients in primary care: A cluster randomized controlled multicenter study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 107(1):94–103. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.09.009. Epub 2014 Sep 30.
Peyrot, M., Rubin, R. R., Lauritzen, T., Snoek, F. J., Matthews, D. R., & Skovlund, S. E. (2005). Psychosocial problems and barriers to improved diabetes management: Results of the Cross-National Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN) Study. Diabetic Medicine, 22(10), 1379–1385. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01644.x.
Pladevall, M., Divine, G., Wells, K. E., Resnicow, K., & Williams, L. K. (2015). A randomized controlled trial to provide adherence information and motivational interviewing to improve diabetes and lipid control. The Diabetes Educator, 41(1), 136–146. doi:10.1177/0145721714561031. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
Prochaska, J. O., DiClemente, C. C., & Norcross, J. C. (1992). In search of how people change. Applications to addictive behaviors. The American Psychologist, 47(9), 1102–1114.
Prochaska, J. O., & Velicer, W. F. (1997). The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. American Journal of Health Promotion, 12(1), 38–48.
Puder, J. J., & Keller, U. (2003). Quality of diabetes care: Problem of patient or doctor adherence? Swiss Medical Weekly, 133(39-40), 530–534.
Baker IDI Heart and Research Institute, Diabetes Australia, JDRF. (2012) Diabetes: The silent pandemic and its impact on Australia.
Richards, D. A., Hill, J. J., Gask, L., Lovell, K., Chew-Graham, C., Bower, P., … Barkham, M. (2013) Clinical effectiveness of collaborative care for depression in UK primary care (CADET): Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 347, f4913. doi:10.1136/bmj.f4913.
Rodbard, D. (2016). Continuous glucose monitoring: A review of successes, challenges, and opportunities. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, 18(Suppl 2), S23–S213. doi:10.1089/dia.2015.0417.
Santer, M., Ring, N., Yardley, L., Geraghty, A. W., & Wyke, S. (2014). Treatment non-adherence in pediatric long-term medical conditions: Systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies of caregivers’ views. BMC Pediatrics, 14, 63. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-14-63.
Schroeder, E. B., Desai, J., Schmittdiel, J, A., Paolino, A. R., Schneider, J. L., Goodrich, G. K., … Steiner, J. F. (2015) An innovative approach to informing research: Gathering perspectives on diabetes care challenges from an online patient community. Interactive Journal of Medical Research, 4(2):e13. doi:10.2196/ijmr.3856.
Sinclair, A. J., Alexander, C. M., Davies, M. J., Zhao, C., & Mavros, P. (2012). Factors associated with initiation of antihyperglycaemic medication in UK patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 12, 1. doi:10.1186/1472-6823-12-1.
Skinner, T. C., Khunti, K., Carey, M. E., Dallosso, H., Heller, S., & Davies, M. J. (2014). Stability and predictive utility, over 3 years, of the illness beliefs of individuals recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Medicine, 31(10), 1260–1263. doi:10.1111/dme.12484. Epub 2014 May 20.
Speight, J., Browne, J., Holmes-Truscott, E., Hendrieckx, C., Pouwer, F., & on behalf of the Diabetes MILES—Australia reference group. (2011). Diabetes MILES—Australia 2011 survey report. Melbourne, VIC: Diabetes Australia.
Speight, J., Conn, J., Dunning, T., & Skinner, T. C. (2012). Diabetes Australia position statement. A new language for diabetes: Improving communications with and about people with diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 97(3), 425–431. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2012.03.015.
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2016: Summary of Revisions. (2016). Diabetes Care, 39(Suppl. 1):S4–S5. doi:10.2337/dc2316-S2003.
Steinsbekk, A., Rygg, L. O., Lisulo, M., Rise, M. B., & Fretheim, A. (2012). Group based diabetes self-management education compared to routine treatment for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 12, 213. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-12-213.
Stratton, I. M., Adler, A. I., Neil, H. A., Matthews, D. R., Manley, S. E., Cull, C. A., … Holman, R. R. (2000) Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): Prospective observational study. BMJ, 321(7258):405–412.
Stuckey, H. L., Mullan-Jensen, C. B., Reach, G., Kovacs Burns, K., Piana, N., Vallis, M., … Peyrot, M. (2014) Personal accounts of the negative and adaptive psychosocial experiences of people with diabetes in the second Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) study. Diabetes Care, 37(9):2466–2474. doi:10.2337/dc13-2536. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
Sunaert, P., Willems, S., Feyen, L., Bastiaens, H., De Maeseneer, J., Jenkins, L., … De Sutter, A. (2014) Engaging GPs in insulin therapy initiation: A qualitative study evaluating a support program in the Belgian context. BMC Family Practice, 15, 144. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-15-144.
Tamhane, S., Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R., Hargraves, I., & Montori, V. M. (2015). Shared decision-making in diabetes care. Current Diabetes Reports, 15(12), 112. doi:10.1007/s11892-015-0688-0.
van der Heide, I., Uiters, E., Rademakers, J., Struijs, J. N., Schuit, A. J., & Baan, C. A. (2014). Associations among health literacy, diabetes knowledge, and self-management behavior in adults with diabetes: Results of a Dutch cross-sectional study. Journal of Health Communication, 19(Suppl. 2), 115–131. doi:10.1080/10810730.2014.936989.
Vishwanath, A. (2014). Negative public perceptions of juvenile diabetics: Applying attribution theory to understand the public's stigmatizing views. Health Communication, 29(5), 516–526. doi:10.1080/10410236.2013.777685. Epub 2013 Oct 22.
Von Korff, M., Glasgow, R. E., & Sharpe, M. (2002). Organising care for chronic illness. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 325(7355), 92–94.
Walker, C., Furler, J., Blackberry, I., Dunbar, J., Young, D., & Best, J. (2011). The delivery of a telephone coaching programme to people with type 2 diabetes by practice nurses in Victoria, Australia: A qualitative evaluation. Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness, 3, 419–426.
Wigert, H., & Wikstrom, E. (2014). Organizing person-centred care in paediatric diabetes: Multidisciplinary teams, long-term relationships and adequate documentation. BMC Research Notes, 7, 72. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-7-72.
Winocour, P. H. (2014). Care of adolescents and young adults with diabetes—Much more than transitional care: A personal view. Clinical Medicine, 14(3), 274–278. doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.14-3-274.
Wolpert, H. A., & Anderson, B. J. (2001). Management of diabetes: Are doctors framing the benefits from the wrong perspective? BMJ, 323(7319), 994–996.
Wong, J. C., Neinstein, A. B., Spindler, M., & Adi, S. (2015). A minority of patients with type 1 diabetes routinely downloads and retrospectively reviews device data. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, 2, 2.
Wozniak, L., Soprovich, A., Rees, S., Al Sayah, F., Majumdar, S. R., & Johnson, J. A. (2015). Contextualizing the effectiveness of a collaborative care model for primary care patients with diabetes and depression (Teamcare): A qualitative assessment using RE-AIM. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 39(Suppl. 1), S83–S91. doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.05.004. 2015 Jul 27.
Zhang, Q., Rajagopalan, S., Marrett, E., Davies, M. J., Radican, L., & Engel, S. S. (2012). Time to treatment initiation with oral antihyperglycaemic therapy in US patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, Obesity, & Metabolism, 14(2), 149–154. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01498.x. Epub 2011 Oct 30.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Blackberry, I. (2017). Diabetes. In: O'Donohue, W., James, L., Snipes, C. (eds) Practical Strategies and Tools to Promote Treatment Engagement. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49206-3_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49206-3_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-49204-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-49206-3
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)