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Current Theories for Development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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Introduction to Gastrointestinal Diseases Vol. 1

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Abstract

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, relapsing functional bowel disorder associated with altered gastrointestinal (GI) motility, secretion and sensation. It is the most commonly diagnosed functional GI condition, with the highest prevalence in Western, rather than Eastern countries. North America and Europe remain the leading regions of IBS incidence, with about 10–20 % cases (up to approximately 25 % in some studies) in both adolescents and adults. Nevertheless, a rise in disease toll has recently been observed in South China (11.5 %) and Korea (6.6 %).

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Abbreviations

5-HT:

Serotonin; 5-hydroxytryptamine

ACTH:

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

BGA:

Brain-gut axis

CNS:

Central nervous system

CRF:

Corticotrophin releasing factor

CRP:

C-reactive protein

ECs:

Enterochromaffin cells

ENS:

Enteric nervous system

FODMAPs:

Fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols

GI:

Gastrointestinal tract

GRID2IP:

Glutamate receptor ionotropic delta 2 interacting protein; delphilin

HPA:

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal

HTR3:

5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3; serotonin receptor 3

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

IBS:

Irritable bowel syndrome

IBS-C:

Constipation-predominant IBS

IBS-D:

Diarrhea-predominant IBS

IELs:

Intraepithelial lymphocytes

IFN-γ:

Interferon-γ

GPCR:

G protein-coupled receptor

GR:

Glucocorticoid receptor

IL:

Interleukin

KDELR2:

KDEL endoplasmic reticulum protein retention receptor 2

M1:

Proinflammatory classically activated macrophage

M2:

Antiinflammatory alternatively activated macrophage

miRs:

MicroRNAs

MCs:

Mast cells

NO:

Nitric oxide

PAI-1:

Plasminogen activator-1

PAR-2:

Protease-activated receptor-2

PI-IBS:

Post infectious IBS

PGs:

Prostaglandins

PM:

Particulate matter

PVN:

Paraventricular nucleus

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SCFA:

Short chain fatty acids

SERT:

5-HT reuptake transporter protein

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphisms

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor β

Th:

T helper cells

TJs:

Tight junctions

TL1A:

TNF-like ligand 1A

TLRs:

Toll-like receptors

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor- α

TNFSF15:

TNF ligand superfamily member 15 gene

TRPV1:

Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1

WAT:

White adipose tissue

WT:

Wild type

ZO:

Zonula occludens

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland

    Paula Mosińska & Julia Krajewska

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  1. Paula Mosińska
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  2. Julia Krajewska
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Correspondence to Paula Mosińska or Julia Krajewska .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

    Jakub Fichna

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Mosińska, P., Krajewska, J. (2017). Current Theories for Development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. In: Fichna, J. (eds) Introduction to Gastrointestinal Diseases Vol. 1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49016-8_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49016-8_1

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