Skip to main content

Esophageal Disease in Diabetes Mellitus

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Managing Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has multiple clinically important effects on the esophagus. Diabetes results in several esophageal motility disturbances, increases the risk of esophageal candidiasis, and increases the risk of Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal carcinoma. Finally, “black esophagus,” or acute esophageal necrosis, is also associated with DM. These four entities and their relationship with DM will be reviewed in this section.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. De Boer SY, Masclee AAM, Lam WF, Lamers CBHW. Effect of acute hyperglycemia on esophageal motility and lower esophageal sphincter pressure in humans. Gastroenterology. 1992;103:775–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Boeckxstaens GE, Horowitz M, Bermingham H, Holloway RH. Physiological variations in blood glucose concentration affect oesophageal motility and sensation in normal subjects. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 1997;9:239–46.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Stewart IM, Hosking DJ, Preston BJ, Atkinson M. Oesophageal motor changes in diabetes mellitus. Thorax. 1976;31:278–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Boronikolos GC, Menge BA, Schenker N, Breuer TGK, Otte J-M, et al. Upper gastrointestinal motility and symptoms in individuals with diabetes, prediabetes and normal glucose tolerance. Diabetologia. 2015;58:1175–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hollis JB, Castell DO, Braddom RL. Esophageal motor function in diabetes mellitus and its relationship to peripheral neuropathy. Gastroenterology. 1977;73:1098–102.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Loo FD, Dodds WJ, Soergel KH, Arndorfer RC, Helm JF, Hogan WJ. Multipeaked esophageal peristaltic pressure waves in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Gastroenterology. 1985;88:485–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Russell CO, Gannan R, Coatsworth J, Neilsen R, Allen F, Hill LD, Pope CEI. Relationship among esophageal dysfunction, diabetic gastroenteropathy and peripheral neuropathy. Dig Dis Sci. 1983;28:289–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Guy RJ, Dawson JL, Garrett JR, Laws JW, Thomas PK, Sharma AK, Watkins PJ. Diabetic gastroparesis from autonomic neuropathy: surgical considerations and changes in vagus nerve morphology. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1984;47:686–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Carroll SL, Byer SJ, Dorsey DA, Watson MA, Schmidt RE. Ganglion-specific patterns of diabetes modulated gene expression are established in prevertebral and paravertebral sympathetic ganglia prior to the development of neuroaxonal dystrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2004;63:1144–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Heitmann P, Espinoza J. Oesophageal manometric studies in patients with chronic Chagas disease and megacolon. Gut. 1969;10:848–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Yarandi SS, Srinivasan S. Diabetic gastrointestinal motility disorders and the role of enteric nervous system: current status and future directions. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2014;26:611–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Sun X-M, Tan J-C, Zhu Y, Lin L. Association between diabetes mellitus and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a meta-analysis. WJG. 2015;21:3085–92.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Lluch I, Ascaso JF, Mora F, Minguez M, Pena A, Hernandez A, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux in diabetes mellitus. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94:919–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kinekawa F, Kubo F, Matsuda K, Fujita Y, Tomita T, Uchida Y, Nishioka M. Relationship between esophageal dysfunction and neuropathy in diabetic patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:2026–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang X, Pitchumoni CS, Chandrarana K, Shah N. Increased prevalence of symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux diseases in type 2 diabetics with neuropathy. World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14:709–12.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Nishida T, Tsuji S, Tsujii M, Arimitsu S, Sato T, Haruna Y, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux disease related to diabetes: analysis of 241 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;19:258–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Spångéus A, El-Salhy M, Suhr O, Eriksson J, Lithner F. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in young and middle-aged diabetic patients. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1999;34:1196–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Clouse RE, Lustman PJ. Gastrointestinal symptoms in diabetic patients: lack of association with neuropathy. Am J Gastroenterol. 1989;84:868–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Lee SD, Keum B, Chun HJ, Bak YT. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in type II diabetes mellitus with or without peripheral neuropathy. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2011;17:274–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Rathmann W, Enck P, Frieling T, Gries FA. Visceral afferent neuropathy in diabetic gastroparesis. Diabetes Care. 1991;14:1086–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kamath MV, Tougas G, Fitzpatrick D, Fallen EL, Watteel R, Shine G, et al. Assessment of the visceral afferent and autonomic pathways in response to esophageal stimulation in control subjects and in patients with diabetes. Clin Invest Med. 1998;21:100–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Iyer PG, Borah BJ, Heien HC, et al. Association of Barrett’s esophagus with type II Diabetes Mellitus: results from a large population-based case-control study. Clinical Gastroenterology &Hepatology. 2013;11:1108–1114.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Huang W, Ren H, Ben Q, Cai Q, Zhu W, Li Z. Risk of esophageal cancer in diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Cancer Causes Control. 2012;23:263–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Juan HC, Tsai HT, Chang PH, Huang CY, Hu CP, Wong FH. Insulin-like growth factor 1 mediates 5-fluorouracil chemoresistance in esophageal carcinoma cells through increasing survivin stability. Apoptosis. 2011;16:174–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. McElholm AR, McKnight AJ, Patterson CC, Johnston BT, Hardie LJ, Murray LJ. A population-based study of IGF axis polymorphisms and the esophageal inflammation, metaplasia, adenocarcinoma sequence. Gastroenterology. 2010;139:204–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Cheng KC, Chen YL, Lai SW, Tsai PY, Sung FC. Risk of esophagus cancer in diabetes mellitus: a population-based case-control study in Taiwan. BMC Gastroenterol. 2012;12:177.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Takasawa H, Takahashi Y, Abe M, Osame K, Watanabe S, Hisatake T, et al. An elderly case of type 2 diabetes which developed in association with oral and esophageal candidiasis. Intern Med. 2007;46:387–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Hostetter MK. Perspectives in diabetes. Handicaps to host defense. Effects of hyperglycemia on C3 and Candida albicans. Diabetes. 1990;39:271–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Tan JS, Anderson JL, Watanakunakorn C, Phair JP. Neutrophil dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. J Lab Clin Med. 1975;85:26–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Deresinski S. Infections in the diabetic patient: strategies for the clinician. Infect Dis Rep. 1995;1:1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Darwazeh AMG, Lamey PJ, Samaranayake LP, MacFarlane TW, Fisher BM, MacRury SM, Maccuish AC. The relationship between colonisation, secretor status and in vitro adhesion of Candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells from diabetics. J Med Microbiol. 1990;33:43–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Gurvits GE, Shapsis A, Lau N, Gualtieri N, Robilotti JG. Acute esophageal necrosis: a rare syndrome. J Gastroenterol. 2007;42:29–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Grudell AB, Mueller PS, Viggiano TR. Black esophagus: report of six cases and review of the literature, 1963–2003. Dis Esophagus. 2006;19:105–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Carneiro M, Lescano M, Romanello L. Acute esophageal necrosis. Dig Endosc. 2005;17:89–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. Andy Tau .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tau, J.A., Arevalo Santana, L.F. (2017). Esophageal Disease in Diabetes Mellitus. In: Sellin, J. (eds) Managing Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes. Adis, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48662-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48662-8_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Adis, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-48661-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-48662-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics