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Applied Physics of External Radiation Exposure pp 151–236Cite as

Protection and Operational Dosimetric Quantities and Calibration

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Abstract

This chapter is devoted to protection and operational dosimetric quantities. These quantities are of paramount importance for radiation protection problems: The limit exposure of workers and public are in term of protection quantity while measurement with radiation device is in term of operational quantity. In what follows, these quantities are defined, compared and calculated for major radiation field. A final part is dedicated to the calibration of radiation protection devices.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CEA DEN Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, France

    Rodolphe Antoni

  2. CEA DAM Île de France, Arpajon cedex, France

    Laurent Bourgois

Authors
  1. Rodolphe Antoni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rodolphe Antoni .

Appendices

Appendix 1

Photon angular response R(0.07, α) for directional dose equivalent H′(0.07, α) for electron energy between 0.1 and 2 MeV—ICRP 74 [7]. Reproduced by permission of Michiya Sasaki on behalf of ICRP.

E (MeV)

R(0.07, α)

0°

15°

30°

45°

60°

67.5°

75°

82.5°

85°

89°

0.07

1

0.813

0.471

0.17

0.041

–

0.005

   

0.08

1

0.903

0.645

0.348

0.132

–

0.028

0.007

0.003

 

0.09

1

0.926

0.709

0.445

0.201

–

0.055

0.017

0.01

0.001

0.1

1

0.938

0.76

0.509

0.258

–

0.081

0.027

0.016

0.002

0.15

1

0.989

0.945

0.771

0.486

–

0.18

0.064

–

–

0.2

1

1.046

1.12

1.072

0.751

–

0.295

0.106

0.06

0.008

0.4

1

1.039

1.143

1.33

1.348

1.083

0.661

0.245

0.133

0.015

0.7

1

1.028

1.11

1.266

1.517

1.502

1.085

0.426

0.216

0.023

1

1

1.017

1.087

1.227

1.469

1.583

1.308

0.552

0.294

0.03

1.5

1

1.027

1.075

1.191

1.401

1.574

1.572

0.756

–

–

2

1

1.022

1.066

1.163

1.338

1.51

1.654

0.95

0.53

0.053

3

1

1.004

1.038

1.113

1.264

1.39

1.612

1.277

0.731

0.072

4

1

1.007

1.042

1.097

1.239

1.369

1.546

1.479

0.952

0.093

7

1

1.005

1.019

1.071

1.18

1.274

1.419

1.736

1.412

0.151

10

1

1.01

1.016

1.05

1.126

1.22

1.345

1.661

1.646

0.21

Appendix 2

Photon angular dependence factor R(10, α) defined by the ratio of H p(10, α) on H p(10, 0°) for photon energies between 15 keV and 1 MeV, and for different angles of incidence, calculated by a Monte Carlo code—ICRP 74.

Photon energy (MeV)

H p(10, 0°)/K a (Sv/Gy)

Ratio H p(10, α)/Hp(10, 0°)

0°

15°

30°

45°

60°

75°

0.010

0.009

1.000

0.889

0.556

0.222

0.000

0.000

0.0125

0.098

1.000

0.929

0.704

0.388

0.102

0.000

0.015

0.264

1.000

0.966

0.822

0.576

0.261

0.030

0.0175

0.445

1.000

0.971

0.879

0.701

0.416

0.092

0.020

0.611

1.000

0.982

0.913

0.763

0.520

0.167

0.025

0.883

1.000

0.980

0.937

0.832

0.650

0.319

0.030

1.112

1.000

0.984

0.950

0.868

0.716

0.411

0.040

1.490

1.000

0.986

0.959

0.894

0.760

0.494

0.050

1.766

1.000

0.988

0.963

0.891

0.779

0.526

0.060

1.892

1.000

0.988

0.969

0.911

0.793

0.561

0.080

1.903

1.000

0.997

0.970

0.919

0.809

0.594

0.100

1.811

1.000

0.992

0.972

0.927

0.834

0.612

0.125

1.696

1.000

0.998

0.980

0.938

0.857

0.647

0.150

1.607

1.000

0.997

0.984

0.947

0.871

0.677

0.200

1.492

1.000

0.997

0.991

0.959

0.900

0.724

0.300

1.369

1.000

1.000

0.996

0.984

0.931

0.771

0.400

1.300

1.000

1.004

1.001

0.993

0.955

0.814

0.500

1.256

1.000

1.005

1.002

1.001

0.968

0.846

0.600

1.226

1.000

1.005

1.004

1.003

0.975

0.868

0.800

1.190

1.000

1.001

1.003

1.007

0.987

0.892

1

1.167

1.000

1.000

0.996

1.009

0.990

0.910

1.5

1.139

1.000

1.002

1.003

1.006

0.997

0.934

3

1.117

1.000

1.005

1.010

0.998

0.998

0.958

6

1.109

1.000

1.003

1.003

0.992

0.997

0.995

10

1.111

1.000

0.998

0.995

0.989

0.992

0.966

Appendix 3

Photon conversion factors “fluence-ambient dose equivalent at 10 mm” and “fluence-directional dose equivalent at 0° under 70 μm,” according to the photon energy [7]. Reproduced by permission of Michiya Sasaki on behalf of ICRP.

E (MeV)

\( h_{{\Phi} }^{*} (10) \)

(pSv cm2)

\( h_{{\Phi} }^{\prime} ( 0 . 0 7 ) \)

(pSv cm2)

E(MeV)

\( h_{{\Phi} }^{*} (10) \)

(pSv cm2)

\( h_{{\Phi} }^{\prime} ( 0 . 0 7 ) \)

(pSv cm2)

0.01

0.061

7.2

0.5

2.93

2.93

0.015

0.83

3.19

0.6

3.44

3.44

0.02

1.05

1.81

0.8

4.38

4.38

0.03

0.81

0.9

1

5.2

5.2

0.04

0.64

0.62

1.5

6.9

6.9

0.05

0.55

0.5

2

8.6

8.6

0.06

0.51

0.47

3

11.1

11.1

0.08

0.53

0.49

4

13.4

13.4

0.1

0.61

0.58

5

15.5

15.5

0.15

0.89

0.85

6

17.6

17.6

0.2

1.2

1.15

8

21.6

21.6

0.3

1.8

1.8

10

25.6

25.6

0.4

2.38

2.38

   

Appendix 4

Photon conversion factors “Air Kerma-ambient dose equivalent at 10 mm” conversion factors “Air Kerma-directional dose equivalent at 0° under 70 μm,” conversion factors “Air Kerma individual dose-equivalent under 10 mm” conversion factors “air kerma-personal dose equivalent under 70 μm” [7]. Reproduced by permission of Michiya Sasaki on behalf of ICRP.

E (MeV)

H*(10)/K a

(Sv/Gy)

H′(0.07)/K a

(Sv/Gy)

H p(10, 0°)/K a

(Sv/Gy)

H p(0.07, 0°)/K a

(Sv/Gy)

0.005

   

0.750

0.01

0.008

0.95

0.009

0.947

0.0125

  

0.098

 

0.015

0.260

0.99

0.264

0.981

0.0175

  

0.445

 

0.02

0.610

1.05

0.611

1.045

0.025

  

0.883

 

0.03

1.100

1.22

1.112

1.230

0.04

1.470

1.41

1.490

1.444

0.05

1.670

1.53

1.766

1.632

0.06

1.740

1.59

1.892

1.716

0.08

1.720

1.61

1.903

1.732

0.1

1.650

1.55

1.811

1.669

0.125

  

1.696

 

0.15

1.490

1.42

1.607

1.518

0.2

1.400

1.34

1.492

1.432

0.3

1.310

1.31

1.369

1.336

0.4

1.260

1.26

1.300

1.280

0.5

1.230

1.23

1.256

1.244

0.6

1.210

1.21

1.226

1.220

0.8

1.190

1.19

1.190

1.189

1

1.170

1.17

1.167

1.173

1.5

1.150

1.15

1.139

 

2

1.140

1.14

  

3

1.130

1.13

1.117

 

4

1.120

1.12

  

5

1.110

1.11

  

6

1.110

1.11

1.109

 

8

1.110

1.11

  

10

1.100

1.10

1.111

 

Appendix 5

Neutron conversion factors “fluence-ambient dose equivalent at 10 mm” depending on the neutron energy [7]. Reproduced by permission of Michiya Sasaki on behalf of ICRP.

E (MeV)

\( h_{{\Phi} }^{*} (10) \)

(pSv cm2)

E (MeV)

\( h_{{\Phi} }^{*} (10) \)

(pSv cm2)

E (MeV)

\( h_{{\Phi} }^{*} (10) \)

(pSv cm2)

2.00E-05

10.6

0.3

233

14

520

5.00E-05

9.9

0.5

322

15

540

1.00E-04

9.4

0.7

375

16

555

2.00E-04

8.9

0.9

400

18

570

5.00E-04

8.3

1

416

20

600

1.00E-03

7.9

1.2

425

30

515

0.002

7.7

2

420

50

400

0.005

8

3

412

75

330

0.01

10.5

4

408

100

285

0.02

16.6

5

405

125

260

0.03

23.7

6

400

150

245

0.05

41.1

7

405

175

250

0.07

60

8

409

201

260

0.1

88

9

420

  

0.15

132

10

440

  

0.2

170

12

480

  

Appendix 6

Conversion factors “fluence-directional dose equivalent to 0” [7] depending on electron energy. Reproduced by permission of Michiya Sasaki on behalf of ICRP.

Energy

(MeV)

H′(0.07, 0°)/Φ

(nSv cm2)

H′(3, 0°)/Φ

(nSv cm2)

H′(10, 0°)/Φ

(nSv cm2)

0.07

0.221

  

0.08

1.056

  

0.09

1.527

  

0.10

1.661

  

0.11

1.627

  

0.13

1.513

  

0.15

1.229

  

0.20

0.834

  

0.30

0.542

  

0.40

0.455

  

0.50

0.403

  

0.60

0.366

  

0.70

0.344

  

0.80

0.329

0.045

 

1.00

0.312

0.301

 

1.25

0.296

0.486

 

1.50

0.287

0.524

 

1.75

0.282

0.512

 

2.00

0.279

0.481

0.005

2.50

0.278

0.417

0.156

3.00

0.276

0.373

0.336

3.50

0.274

0.351

0.421

4.00

0.272

0.334

0.447

5.00

0.271

0.317

0.43

6.00

0.271

0.309

0.389

7.00

0.271

0.306

0.36

8.00

0.271

0.305

0.341

10.00

0.275

0.303

0.33

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Antoni, R., Bourgois, L. (2017). Protection and Operational Dosimetric Quantities and Calibration. In: Applied Physics of External Radiation Exposure. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48660-4_3

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