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Smart Pharmaceuticals

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Health 4.0: How Virtualization and Big Data are Revolutionizing Healthcare

Abstract

Drug-delivery technology has come a long way since the handmade tinctures, lozenges, and pills of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Today, a new generation of smart pharmaceuticals offers the potential to monitor and improve self-management of chronic conditions, enhance adherence, and tailor treatment more precisely to the patient. Smart pharmaceuticals also offer the opportunity to collect an unprecedented breadth and depth of metadata, such as medication adherence and compliance with technique, and the correlation of these factors with cost-effectiveness and clinical efficacy outcomes. This metadata brings key knowledge at point of care and may facilitate consultations between patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs), improve allocation of increasingly pressurized health resources, and optimize service design. There is also the potential to use these data as a healthcare monitor. Ultimately, the hope is that use of these data will optimize therapy and overall patient care.

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Abbreviations

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

ECS:

Extensive Care System

FENO:

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide

HCP:

Healthcare professional

MDI:

Metered-dose inhaler

MEMS:

Medication Event Monitoring System

PMI:

Precision Medicine Initiative

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the editorial support of Mark Greener on behalf of NexGen Healthcare Communications in the preparation of this chapter, supported by Teva Pharmaceuticals. Teva Pharmaceuticals was given an opportunity to review the manuscript for accuracy and suggested changes were incorporated at the discretion of the authors. The views expressed are those of the authors and are not necessarily shared by Teva Pharmaceuticals. All authors contributed fully to the development of the chapter, approved all drafts, and are responsible for its accuracy and integrity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Health Promotion, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St., M106, Denver, Colorado, 80206, USA

    Bruce G. Bender

  2. Inhalation Consultancy, Tarn House 77 High Street, Yeadon, Leeds, LS19 7SP, UK

    Henry Chrystyn

  3. WestRock Healthcare, Rue des Cyclistes Frontière 24, 4600, Visé, Belgium

    Bernard Vrijens

  4. Biostatistics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

    Bernard Vrijens

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  1. Bruce G. Bender
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  2. Henry Chrystyn
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  3. Bernard Vrijens
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Correspondence to Bruce G. Bender , Henry Chrystyn or Bernard Vrijens .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Christoph Thuemmler

  2. Zhongshan Hopsital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Chunxue Bai

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Bender, B.G., Chrystyn, H., Vrijens, B. (2017). Smart Pharmaceuticals. In: Thuemmler, C., Bai, C. (eds) Health 4.0: How Virtualization and Big Data are Revolutionizing Healthcare. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47617-9_4

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