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Platelet Shape Change

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Platelets in Thrombotic and Non-Thrombotic Disorders

Abstract

Platelets circulate quiescently in a flat, discoid state and undergo specific morphological changes to support granule secretion, integrin activation, platelet–platelet aggregation, adhesion, and contractile processes in the initial stages of the platelet activation program. Dynamic changes in platelet shape have long been associated with platelet activation and hemostatic and thrombotic function. Classical microscopy studies, together with the development of light transmission aggregometry, allowed for an advance of platelet shape change assays as important experimental and clinical tools. Pharmacology efforts have specified how platelet agonists, including thrombin, collagen, and ADP activate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) or ITAM-bearing receptors to increase myosin light chain phosphorylation to drive actomyosin contractions and other dynamic cytoskeletal processes that form the basis for the initiation of platelet shape change. Advances in imaging technologies and molecular tools continue to provide mechanistic insights into platelet shape change as one of the earliest morphological manifestations of platelet activation, a potential biomarker for platelet-based disease states and a powerful tool in basic and translational studies of platelet function.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code HRC5N, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Joseph E. Aslan

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  1. Joseph E. Aslan
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Correspondence to Joseph E. Aslan .

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  1. Department of Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia , Perugia, Italy

    Paolo Gresele

  2. Houston Methodist Hospital , Houston, Texas, USA

    Neal S. Kleiman

  3. Bloodworks Northwest, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, USA

    José A. Lopez

  4. Sackler Inst of Pulmonary Pharmacol, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Clive P. Page

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Aslan, J.E. (2017). Platelet Shape Change. In: Gresele, P., Kleiman, N., Lopez, J., Page, C. (eds) Platelets in Thrombotic and Non-Thrombotic Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47462-5_24

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