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Post-combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture with Aqueous (Piperazine + 2-Amino-2-Methyl-1-Propanol) Blended Solvent: Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Energy Requirements

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Energy Efficient Solvents for CO2 Capture by Gas-Liquid Absorption

Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology ((GREEN))

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Abstract

Post-combustion CO2 capture (PCC) and its sequestration has been found to be a viable option for reducing CO2 in the earth’s atmosphere. There are many technological options for separation of CO2 from a post combustion gas stream. However, regenerative chemical absorption process is considered to be a near-term feasible solution for this. In regenerative chemical absorption, the key component is the solvent, which plays a major role in the process efficiency and economics. There are many conventional and newer commercial solvents with patented technologies available for this process. In this chapter, the suitability of aqueous AMP along with PZ as an energy efficient mixed solvent for the PCC process have been presented by critically analyzing the absorption rate, equilibrium thermodynamics, reaction kinetics as well as regeneration energy requirement. Energy analysis from bench scale and pilot scale studies, and modelling and simulation work have been investigated and compared with the bench marked solvent MEA. The role of important solvent properties for this application, i.e., density, viscosity, physical gas solubility, reaction mechanism and kinetics, equilibrium solubility and heat of absorption are found to be suitable for the CO2 capture by AMP + PZ solvent. Besides, it is also found that the negative impact such as, corrosion, thermal and oxidative degradation, possible amine and nitrosamine emission from the capture plant have less impact to the environment. Heat energy requirements of this process are found to be in the range of 2.9–3.7 GJ/tCO2 for different conditions such as, %CO2 capture, etc., and from different study. This energy requirement is about 20% less than that of the bench marked MEA solvent. All this performance indicators show that the AMP + PZ blended solvent is a competitive energy efficient alternative one for CO2 capture by chemical absorption.

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Abbreviations

AMP:

Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol

AMPH+ :

Protonated AMP

CCS:

Carbon capture and storage

CCTs:

Clean coal technologies

CH4 :

Methane

CO 2‒3 :

Carbonate

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

DAE:

Differential and algebraic equations

DRS:

Data regression system

\(\text{E}_{{{\text{CO}}_{2} }}\) :

Enhancement factor

eNRTL model:

Electrolyte non-random two-liquid model

GC:

Gas chromatography

HCO ‒3 :

Bicarbonate

He:

Helium

H+PZCOO‒ :

Protonated PZ carbamate

k:

Reaction rate constant

L/G:

Liquid to gas ratio

MDEA:

Methyldiethanolamine

MEA:

Monoethanolamine

N2 :

Nitrogen

N2O:

Nitrous oxide

NOx :

Nitrogen oxide

O2 :

Oxygen

\(p_{amine}\) :

Partial pressure of amine

PCC:

Post-combustion CO2 capture

\(p_{{{\text{CO}}_{2} }}\) :

Partial pressure of CO2

\(p_{{{\text{H}}_{2} {\text{O}}}}\) :

Partial pressure of H2O

PZ:

Piperazine

PZCOO− :

PZ carbamate

PZ(COO−)2 :

PZ dicarbamate

PZH+ :

Protonated PZ

R:

Ideal gas constant

RA:

Rate of absorption

SOx :

Sulfur oxide

T:

Absolute temperature

VLE:

Vapor-liquid equilibrium

\(\alpha_{{{\text{CO}}_{2} }}\) :

CO2 loading (mol CO2/mol amine)

\(\alpha_{{p_{{{\text{CO}}_{2,lean} }} }}\) :

CO2 loading at regenerator outlet pressure

\(\alpha_{{p_{{{\text{CO}}_{2,rich} }} }}\) :

CO2 loading at absorber inlet pressure

\(- \Delta H_{abs}\) :

Heat of absorption

γ:

Activity coefficient

φ:

Fugacity coefficient

\(\frac{\delta ni}{{\delta {\text{CO}}_{{_{2} }} }}\) :

Mol change of species with mol change of CO2 in reaction

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, 382007, Gujarat, India

    Sukanta K. Dash

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Correspondence to Sukanta K. Dash .

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  1. Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development, Consulting Services, Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development, Wrocław, Poland

    Wojciech M. Budzianowski

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Dash, S.K. (2017). Post-combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture with Aqueous (Piperazine + 2-Amino-2-Methyl-1-Propanol) Blended Solvent: Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Energy Requirements. In: Budzianowski, W. (eds) Energy Efficient Solvents for CO2 Capture by Gas-Liquid Absorption. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47262-1_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47262-1_9

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