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Glycopeptide-Resistance in Enterococci

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Abstract

Glycopeptides, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, act by blocking cell wall formation. Resistance to this class of antibiotics, detected first in 1986, is due to synthesis of altered peptidoglycan precursor ending in D-alanine-D-lactate or D-alanine-D-serine in place of D-alanine-D-alanine and by the removal of precursors terminating in D-alanine. Resistance can be acquired or intrinsic and strains may be resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin, or to vancomycin only. Nine types of glycopeptide resistance, forming the van alphabet, and their biochemical mechanisms have been described. Furthermore, strains that are dependent on vancomycin for growth have been isolated from clinical samples. Data suggest that resistance could originate in glycopeptide-producing organisms or in soil organisms for VanA type and in anaerobes for VanB type. Since the years 2000, resistance to glycopeptide has disseminated from enterococci to Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates.

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  1. Unité des Agents Antibactériens, Institut Pasteur, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, Paris, 75724 Cedex 15, France

    Florence Depardieu Ph.D. & Patrice M. Courvalin M.D., F.R.C.P.

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  1. Florence Depardieu Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Patrice M. Courvalin M.D., F.R.C.P. .

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  1. Treiber Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    Douglas L. Mayers

  2. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA

    Jack D. Sobel

  3. Centre de recherche en Infectiologie, University of Laval, Quebec City, Canada

    Marc Ouellette

  4. Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Keith S. Kaye

  5. Infection Control and Prevention Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Dror Marchaim

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Depardieu, F., Courvalin, P.M. (2017). Glycopeptide-Resistance in Enterococci. In: Mayers, D., Sobel, J., Ouellette, M., Kaye, K., Marchaim, D. (eds) Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46718-4_20

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