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The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard

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The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard

Part of the book series: Advances in Polar Ecology ((AVPE,volume 2))

Abstract

This book summarizes physical and biological aspects from Kongsfjorden (78° 59’ N, 11–12° E), Svalbard. The contributions to this volume cover atmospheric conditions above Ny-Ålesund, as well as physical conditions in Kongsfjorden. The chapters about oceanographic dynamics and sea ice conditions are based on time-series observations of interannual variability, whereas the chapter about the underwater light regime focuses on seasonal dynamics. The pelagic system is covered by reviews of pelagic production, phytoplankton and zooplankton communities. Benthic flora studies address microphytobenthos and macroalgal biodiversity, as well as the physiology of kelp related to stress perception and responses. Benthic fauna communities are described with associated environmental drivers of change. An outline of an Arctic fjord ecosystem model for Kongsfjorden- Krossfjorden is presented. Data that go into models come from sampling at different stations in the marine environment, with an important contribution from long-term data series at stations. Some of the long-term data are based on recordings from autonomous underwater observatories. Finally, one summary presents Kongsfjorden as harbinger of the future Arctic.

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Acknowledgements

The initiative to assemble these review papers, including long-term data series, about the knowledge about the marine ecosystem of Kongsfjorden was taken during the Second Kongsfjorden Ecosystem Workshop in 2014. We are grateful for workshop funding from the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI), Research Council of Norway, Svalbard Science Forum, Havet og kysten (Project no. 234347), Fram Centre Flagship, Fjord & Kyst (Project no. 2014–8), Alfred Wegener Institute, Kings Bay AS, and the Priority Programme on Antarctic Research of the German Science Foundation (DFG). Moreover, we appreciate the support from the Centre for Ice, Climate and Ecosystems (ICE) at NPI. We finally thank Roger Willy Hagerup (NPI) for assembling the map. We trust that this volume of Advances in Polar Ecology will set the stage for future work in Kongsfjorden and will strengthen the ongoing Ny-Ålesund Research Flagship Programme, where the Kongsfjorden System is one of the four flagships (http://nysmac.npolar.no/research/flagships/kongsfjorden.html). Photos are provided by Haakon Hop.

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  1. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

    Haakon Hop

  2. Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

    Haakon Hop

  3. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Christian Wiencke

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  1. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

    Haakon Hop

  2. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Christian Wiencke

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Hop, H., Wiencke, C. (2019). The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. In: Hop, H., Wiencke, C. (eds) The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Advances in Polar Ecology, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46425-1_1

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