Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces the background, context, key questions, methodology, and participants of the study. The choice of an open-ended fluid inquiry methodology is explained along with the reason why only boys were selected as key participants. Canadian immigration trends are discussed to provide the background and context for the narrative inquiry into Chinese immigrant families’ cross-cultural school experience in Canada. The chapter explains why Chinese people’s search for home in Canada is the focal point of the narrative inquiry. It reveals that the core purpose of the book is to explore the cross-cultural issues in schooling between the East and the West to find ways to bridge cultural and educational values. Reciprocal learning between Chinese newcomer culture and Canadian culture is the goal.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
On landscapes in transition: The preposition of “on” is used intentionally to illustrate the challenges of newcomer families in their adaption to the host society. They stay “on” the landscapes in transition, rather than immersing in the landscape.
References
An, R. (2001). Traveling on parallel tracks: Chinese parents and English teachers. Educational Research, 43(3), 311–328.
Anisef, P., Kilbride, K. M., Ochocka, J., & Janzen, R. (2001). Study on parenting issues of newcomer families in Ontario. Joint Centre of Excellence for Research on Immigration and Settlement and Centre for Research and Education in Human Services. Toronto, Canada.
Ayers, W. C. (2004). Teaching the personal and the political: Essays on hope and justice. New York: Teachers College Press.
Ayers, W. C. (2003). On the side of the child: Summerhill revisited. New York: Teachers College Press.
Ayers, W. C. (1998). Teaching as an ethical enterprise. The Educational Forum, 63(1), 52–57.
Ayers, W. C. (1993). To teach: The journey of a teacher. New York: Teachers College Press.
Carey, E. (2002). Toronto: Canada’s linguistic capital. Toronto Star (December 11).
Cheng, S., & Starks, B. (2002). Racial differences in the effects of significant others on students’ educational expectations. Sociology of Education, 75(4), 306–327.
Chin, J. L. (2005). Learning from my mother’s voice: Family legend and the Chinese American experience. New York: Teachers College Press.
Chong, S. (2005). The logic of Hong Kong teachers: An exploratory study of their teaching culturally diverse students. Teaching Education, 16(2), 117–129.
CIC Canada (2001). Facts and Figures 2001: Immigration Overview. Retrieved from http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/pub/facts2001/3tor-02.html, January 5, 2003.
CIC Canada (2004). Facts and Figures 2004: Immigration Overview, Permanent and Temporary Residents. Retrieved from http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/pub/facts2004, March 12, 2005.
CIC Canada (2015). Facts and Figures 2014: Immigration Overview. Retrieved from http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/resources/statistics/facts2014/index.asp, February 05, 2016.
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (1992). The teacher as curriculum-maker. In P. W. Jackson (Ed.), Handbook of research on curriculum: A project of the American Educational Research Association (pp. 363–401). Chapter 14. New York: Macmillan.
Coelho, E. (1998). Teaching and learning in multicultural schools. Bristol, United Kingdom: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Connelly, F. M., & Clandinin, D. J. (1988). Teachers as curriculum planners: Narratives of experience. New York: Teachers College Press, Columbia.
Connelly, F. M., & Clandinin, D. J. (1992). Curriculum theory. In C. M. Alkin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational research, 6th ed. (pp. 287–292). N.Y.: Macmillan Publishing Co.
Connelly, F. M., He, M., Phillion, J., Chan, E., & Xu, S. J. (2004). Bay Street Community School: Where you belong. Orbit, 34(3), 39–42.
Creese, G., Dyck, I. L., & McLaren, A. T. (1999). Reconstituting the family: Negotiating immigration and settlement. RIIM (Research on Immigration and Integration in the Metropolis) Working Paper Series #99-10. Retried from http://Canada.metropolis.net, December 14, 2002.
Cummins, J. (1989). Empowering minority students. Sacramento, CA: California Association for Bilingual Education.
Cummins, J. (1996). Negotiating identities: Education for empowerment in a diverse society. California: CABE (California Association for Bilingual Education.
Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Cummins, J., DeVillar, R. A., & Faltis, C. (Eds.) (1994). Cultural diversity in schools: From rhetoric to practice. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Dewey, J. (1938). Experience & education. New York: Kappa Delta Pi.
Dyson, L. L. (2001). Home-school communication and expectations of recent chinese immigrants. Canadian Journal of Education, 26(4), 455–476.
Fraser, A. (2005). All the place is a stage – work as discourse: A narrative inquiry into workers’ professional development. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Gagne, A., Gambhir, M. R., Faez, F., Degamo, T., & Gershater, L. (Eds.) (2003). Voices of English as a second language; students and their teachers: Compilation video. Toronto, ON: ESL Infusion Initiative. Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. Toronto District School Board. York Region District School Board.
Goldstein, T. (1999). Negotiating identities in Hong Kong, Canada: Opening small doors. Bilingual Research Journal, 23(2–3), 277–288.
Greenfield, N. (1999). Asian and Chinese immigrants want a return to traditional methods in British Columbia. The Times Educational Supplement, No. 4312, February P.24.
Hall, D. L., & Ames, R. T. (1999). The democracy of the Dead: Dewey, Confucius, and the hope for democracy in China. USA: Carus Publishing Company.
Harrison, L. E., & Huntington, S. (2000). Culture matters: How values shape human progress. New York: Basic Books.
Hayhoe, R. (1997). Education as communication. In J. Montgomery (Ed.), Values in education: social capital formation in Asia and the Pacific (pp. 92–111). Hollis, New Hampshire: Hollis Publishing CO.
He, M. F. (2003). A river forever flowing: Cross-cultural lives and identities in the multicultural landscape. Greenwich, Connecticut, USA: Information Age Publishing.
Hing, B. O. (2001). Asians without blacks and Latinos in San Francisco: Missed lessons of the common good. Amerasia Journal, 27(2), 19–27.
Lai, Y., & Ishiyama, F. I. (2004). Involvement of immigrant Chinese Canadian mothers of children with disabilities. Exceptional Children, 71(1), 97–108.
Lee, R. M., & Liu, H. T. (2001). Coping with intergenerational family conflict: Comparison of Asian American, Hispanic, and European American college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(4), 410–419.
Lee, S. J. (1996). Unraveling the “model minority” stereotype: Listening to Asian American youth. New York: Teaches College Press, Columbia University.
Leung, C. (2002). Reception classes for immigrant students in England. TESOL Quarterly, 36(1), 93–98.
Li, G. (2002). East is East, West is West? Home literacy, culture, and schooling. New York: Peter Lang.
Li, J. (2001). Expectations of Chinese immigrant parents for their children’s education: The interplay of Chinese tradition and the Canadian context. Canadian Journal of Education, 26(4), 477–494.
Louie, V. (2001). Parents’ aspirations and investment: The role of social class in the educational experiences of 1.5 and second-generation Chinese Americans. Harvard Educational Review, 71(3), 438–474.
Macphee, J. (2003). New arrivals. Child Education, 80(9), 31–38.
Mapp, K. L. (1997). Making family-school connections work. The Educational Digest, 63, 36–39.
Nieto, S. (1995). A history of the education of Puerto Rican students in U.S. Mainland schools. In J. A. Banks & C. A. McGee Banks (Eds.), Handbook of research on multicultural education (pp. 388–411). New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan.
Nieto, S. (2000). Affirming diversity: The sociopolitical context of multicultural education (3rd ed.). New York: Longman.
Park, C. C., Goodwin, A. L., & Lee, S. J. (Eds.) (2001). Research on the education of Asian and Pacific Americans. Greenwich, CN: Information Age.
Park, C. C., Goodwin, A. L., & Lee, S. J. (Eds.) (2003). Asian American identities, families, and schooling. Greenwich, CN: Information Age.
Park, H., & Bauer, S. (2002). Parenting practices, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and academic achievement in adolescents. School Psychology International, 23(4), 386–396.
Parry, L. J. (1998). Immigration and multiculturalism: Issues in Australian society and schools. Social Education, 62(7), 449–453.
Piper, H., & Garratt, D. (2004). Identity and citizenship: Some contradictions in practice. British Journal of Educational Studies, 52(3), 276–292.
Phillion, J. (2002). Narrative inquiry in a multicultural landscape: Multicultural teaching and learning. Westport, Connecticut, USA: Ablex Publishing.
Phillion, J., He, M. F., & Connelly, F. M. (2005). Narrative and experience in multicultural education. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
Rao, N., & Yuen, M. (2001). Accommodations for assimilation: Supporting newly arrived children from the Chinese mainland to Hong Kong. Childhood Education, 77, 5 part (annual theme issue), 313–318.
Schecter, S. R., & Cummins, J. (Eds.) (2003). Multilingual education in practice: Using diversity as a resource. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Schubert, W. H., & Ayers, W. C. (Eds.) (1992). Teacher lore: Learning from our own experience. New York: Longman.
Schwab, J. J. (1971a). Education and the structure of the disciplines. Edited by I. Westbury and N. J. Wilkof. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Schwab, J. J. (1971b). The practical: A language for curriculum. Edited by I. Westbury & N. J. Wilkof. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Schwab, J. J. (1971c). The practical: Arts of eclectic. Edited by I. Westbury and N. J. Wilkof. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Schwab, J. J. (1973). The practical 3: Translation into curriculum. Edited by I. Westbury and N. J. Wilkof. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Schwab, J. J. (1983). The practical 4: Something for curriculum professors to do. Curriculum Inquiry, 13(3), 239–265.
Soto, L. D. (1997). Language, culture, and power: Bilingual families and the struggle for quality education. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Soto, L. D. (Ed.) (2002). Making a difference in the lives of bilingual/bicultural children. New York: Peter Lang.
Tu, W. (2002). 杜维明文集 Tu Wei-Ming Wen Ji (Collections of Tu Wei-Ming’s Works) (Vols 1–5). Edited by Guo Qi-Yong and Zheng Wen-Long. China: Wu Han Press.
Tu, W. (Ed.) (1994). The living tree: The changing meaning of being Chinese today. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Valdés, G. (1996). Con Respeto: Bridging the distances between culturally diverse families and schools: An ethnographic portrait. New York: Teachers College Press, Columbia University.
Wong Fillmore, L. (2000). Loss of family languages: Should educators be concerned?. Theory into Practice, 39(4), 203–210.
Xu, J. (1999). Reaching out to other people’s children in an urban middle school: The families’ views. The series on cultural interchange. U.S.; New York: NCREST.
Xu, S. J. (2000). Perspectives of Chinese Visiting Scholars on English Teaching and Learning for Non-English Majors in China. Unpublished MRP (Master’s Research Paper). York University, Toronto, Canada.
Xu, S. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2013). Reciprocal learning in teacher education and school education between Canada and China. Partnership Grant Proposal Package, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), Canada
Zhou, M. (2003). Urban education: Challenges in educating culturally diverse children. Teachers College Record, 105(2), 208–225.
Chao, R. C. (2013). Race/ethnicity and multicultural competence among school counselors’ multicultural training, racial/ethnic identity, and color-blind attitudes. Journal of Counseling & Development, 91, 140–151.
Chen, X., Cen, G., Li, D., & He, Y. (2005). Social functioning and adjustment in Chinese children: The imprint of historical time. Child Development, 76, 182–195. [PubMed: 15693766].
Chen, X., & Tse, H. (2010). Social and psychological adjustment of Chinese Canadian children. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 34(4), 330–338. doi: 10.1177/0165025409337546.
Costigan, C. L., Su, T. F., & Hua, J. M. (2010). Living up to expectations: The strengths and challenges experienced by Chinese Canadian students. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 25, 223–245.
Guo, Y. (2007). Multiple perspectives of Chinese immigrant parents and Canadian teachers on ESL learning in schools. Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education: An International Journal, 1(1), 43–64.
Guo, Y. (2012). Diversity in public education: Acknowledging immigrant parent knowledge. Canadian Journal of Education, 35(2), 120–140.
Hayhoe, R., & Li, J. (2017). Philosophy and comparative education: What can we learn from East Asia? In K. Munby, K. Bickmore, R. Hayhoe, C. Manion, & R. Read (Eds.), Comparative and international education (2nd ed, pp. 29–58). Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press.
Kim, S. Y., Wang, Y., Chen, Q., et al. (2015). Journal of Youth Adolescence, 44, 1263. doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0131-x.
Lee, S. J., & Hawkins, M. R. (2015). Policy, context and schooling: The education of English learners in new destinations. Global Education Review, 2(4), 40–59.
Toronto District School Board. (2013, May). 2011–12 Facts: Student and Parent Census. Issue #1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Xu, S. (2017). Being “Chinese” on Landscapes in Transition. In: Cross-Cultural Schooling Experiences of Chinese Immigrant Families. Intercultural Reciprocal Learning in Chinese and Western Education. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46103-8_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46103-8_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-46102-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-46103-8
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)