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Apocrine Hidradenoma

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Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms

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Abstract

Apocrine hidradenoma usually presents as a solitary, firm nodule on any area of the body surface.

Histopathologically, there are two basic patterns in apocrine hidradenoma, the most common solid pattern and the less frequent solid–cystic pattern. This neoplasm is composed of five morphological types of epithelial cells: pale or clear, polygonal, epidermoid, oxyphilic or oncocytic, and mucinous cells. The proportion of cells and the combinations of them varies from case to case. Clear cells represent the most frequent cytologic component and in some neoplasms these cells predominate. In general, most neoplasms show focal areas of glandular or ductal differentiation, even in the most solid lesions. The stroma is also a characteristic showing areas of sclerosis.

Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells express CEA, EMA, and cytokeratins CAM 5.2, 6/18, 7, 14, 8/18, and 10/17/18.

Most apocrine hidradenomas harbor the t(11;19) translocation, which results in the fusion of the mucoepidermoid carcinoma translocated 1 (MECT1) gene on chromosome 19p13 with the mastermind-like 2 (MAML2) gene on chromosome 11q21.

Apocrine hidradenoma is a benign neoplasm. In rare cases, benign clear-cell hidradenomas may show lymph node involvement without disease progression. In rare instances, hidradenocarcinoma has been described in continuity with an apocrine hidradenoma.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain

    Luis Requena

  2. Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA

    Omar Sangüeza

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  1. Luis Requena
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  2. Omar Sangüeza
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Requena, L., Sangüeza, O. (2017). Apocrine Hidradenoma. In: Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45704-8_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45704-8_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-45703-1

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