Abstract
Over time, traumatic hairstyling practices can lead to both scarring and nonscarring forms of alopecia. In scarring alopecia, fibrous scar tissue replaces hair follicles, resulting in permanent hair loss. In nonscarring alopecia, such as traction and chemically related alopecias, hair regrowth is possible. However, repeated trauma can lead to permanent, scarring hair loss. Additionally, hair styling practices can exacerbate existing alopecia. Understanding the role hair care practices play in the development of hair loss is critical to management of these conditions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Dlova NC, Jordaan FH, Sarig O, Sprecher E. Autosomal dominant inheritance of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia in black South Africans. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(4):679–682.e671.
Madu P, Kundu RV. Follicular and scarring disorders in skin of color: presentation and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2014;15(4):307–21.
Callender VD, Lawson CN, Onwudiwe OC. Hair transplantation in the surgical treatment of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. Dermatol Surg. 2014;40(10):1125–31.
Khumalo NP. Grooming and central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;62:507–8.
Ogunleye TA, McMichael A, Olsen EA. Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: what has been achieved, current clues for future research. Dermatol Clin. 2014;32(2):173–81.
Whiting DA, Olsen EA. Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. Dermatol Ther. 2008;21(4):268–78.
Khumalo NP, Jessop S, Gumedze F, Ehrlich R. Hairdressing and the prevalence of scalp disease in African adults. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(5):981–8.
Kyei A, Bergfeld WF, Piliang M, Summers P. Medical and environmental risk factors for the development of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: a population study. Arch Dermatol. 2011;147(8):909–14.
Callender VD, Wright DR, Davis EC, Sperling LC. Hair breakage as a presenting sign of early or occult central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: clinicopathologic findings in 9 patients. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(9):1047–52.
Callender VD, McMichael AJ, Cohen GF. Medical and surgical therapies for alopecias in black women. Dermatol Ther. 2004;17(2):164–76.
Gathers RC, Jankowski M, Eide M, Lim HW. Hair grooming practices and central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009;60(4):574–8.
Olsen EA, Callender V, Sperling L, et al. Central scalp alopecia photographic scale in African American women. Dermatol Ther. 2008;21(4):264–7.
Miteva M, Tosti A. Pathologic diagnosis of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia on horizontal sections. Am J Dermatopathol. 2014;36(11):859–64; quiz 865–57.
LoPresti P, Papa CM, Kligman AM. Hot comb alopecia. Arch Dermatol. 1968;98(3):234–8.
Sperling LC, Hussey S, Sorrells T, Wang JA, Darling T. Cytokeratin 75 expression in central, centrifugal, cicatricial alopecia—new observations in normal and diseased hair follicles. J Cutan Pathol. 2010;37(2):243–8.
Olsen EA, Callender V, McMichael A, et al. Central hair loss in African American women: incidence and potential risk factors. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64(2):245–52.
Summers P, Kyei A, Bergfeld W. Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia—an approach to diagnosis and management. Int J Dermatol. 2011;50(12):1457–64.
Karnik P, Tekeste Z, McCormick TS, et al. Hair follicle stem cell-specific PPARgamma deletion causes scarring alopecia. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(5):1243–57.
Dlova NC, Forder M. Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: possible familial aetiology in two African families from South Africa. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51 Suppl 1:17–20, 20–3.
Olsen E. Pattern hair loss. In: Olsen E, editor. Disorders of hair growth: diagnosis and treatment. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2003. p. 326.
Olsen EA. Female pattern hair loss and its relationship to permanent/cicatricial alopecia: a new perspective. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2005;10(3):217–21.
Miteva M, Tosti A. Dermatoscopic features of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(3):443–9.
Khumalo NP, Gumedze F. Traction: risk factor or coincidence in central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia? Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(5):1191–3.
Khumalo NP, Jessop S, Gumedze F, Ehrlich R. Hairdressing is associated with scalp disease in African schoolchildren. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(1):106–10.
Hair diseases: medical, surgical, and cosmetic treatments. New York: Informa; 2008.
McMichael A. Scalp and hair disorders in African American patients: a primer of disorders and treatments. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2003;16:37–41.
Gathers RC, Lim HW. Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: past, present, and future. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009;60(4):660–8.
Fu JM, Price VH. Approach to hair loss in women of color. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2009;28(2):109–14.
Sperling LC. Hair density in African Americans. Arch Dermatol. 1999;135(6):656–8.
Rose P, Shapiro R. Transplanting into scar tissue and areas of cicatricial alopecia. In: Unger W, Shapiro R, editors. Hair transplantation. 4th ed. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2004.
Banka N, Mubki T, Bunagan MJ, McElwee K, Shapiro J. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a retrospective clinical review of 62 patients with treatment outcome and long-term follow-up. Int J Dermatol. 2014;53(11):1324–30.
Vano-Galvan S, Molina-Ruiz AM, Serrano-Falcon C, et al. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a multicenter review of 355 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(4):670–8.
Lyakhovitsky A, Amichai B, Sizopoulou C, Barzilai A. A case series of 46 patients with lichen planopilaris: demographics, clinical evaluation, and treatment experience. J Dermatolog Treat. 2015;26(3):275–9.
Chieregato C, Zini A, Barba A, Magnanini M, Rosina P. Lichen planopilaris: report of 30 cases and review of the literature. Int J Dermatol. 2003;42(5):342–5.
Cevasco NC, Bergfeld WF, Remzi BK, de Knott HR. A case-series of 29 patients with lichen planopilaris: the Cleveland Clinic Foundation experience on evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;57(1):47–53.
Racz E, Gho C, Moorman PW, Noordhoek Hegt V, Neumann HA. Treatment of frontal fibrosing alopecia and lichen planopilaris: a systematic review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013;27(12):1461–70.
Meinhard J, Stroux A, Lunnemann L, Vogt A, Blume-Peytavi U. Lichen planopilaris: epidemiology and prevalence of subtypes—a retrospective analysis in 104 patients. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2014;12(3):229–35. 229–36.
Chew AL, Bashir SJ, Wain EM, Fenton DA, Stefanato CM. Expanding the spectrum of frontal fibrosing alopecia: a unifying concept. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;63(4):653–60.
Armenores P, Shirato K, Reid C, Sidhu S. Frontal fibrosing alopecia associated with generalized hair loss. Australas J Dermatol. 2010;51(3):183–5.
Moreno-Ramirez D, Camacho MF. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a survey in 16 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2005;19(6):700–5.
Navarro-Belmonte MR, Navarro-Lopez V, Ramirez-Bosca A, et al. Case series of familial frontal fibrosing alopecia and a review of the literature. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2015;14(1):64–9.
MacDonald A, Clark C, Holmes S. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a review of 60 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(5):955–61.
Martinez-Perez M, Churruca-Grijelmo M. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: an update on epidemiology and treatment. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015;106(9):757–8.
Haskin A, Aguh C, Okoye GA. Understanding patient experiences with scarring alopecia: a qualitative study with management implications. J Dermatolog Treat. 2016:1–3.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
He, A., Haskin, A., Okoye, G.A. (2017). Scarring Alopecias Related to Hairstyling Practices. In: Aguh, C., Okoye, G. (eds) Fundamentals of Ethnic Hair. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45695-9_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45695-9_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-45694-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-45695-9
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)