Abstract
Lymphatic, venous, and combined lymphatic-venous malformations of the orbit typically present during childhood and can cause recurrent episodes of severe proptosis, pain, strabismus, exposure keratopathy, and optic neuropathy. Usually these episodes occur due to acute bleeding into the cystic space due to fragile neovascular tufts and fine capillaries within the stroma of the lesion. In the pediatric patient, the risk of amblyopia is significant. Cysts can be large (macrocysts) or small (microcysts) and be primarily lymphatic or venous in origin. Many of the lesions encountered in the orbit are a combination of the two. The size and hemodynamics of the cyst will usually determine the method and agent used for percutaneous sclerotherapy, and the procedure should be performed in conjunction with interventional radiology. Patients should have been evaluated and deemed appropriate for such surgical intervention. Patients should have been educated about the risks and benefits of the procedure, including alternatives.
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Straka, D., Czyz, C.N. (2017). Orbit: Percutaneous Sclerotherapy. In: Rosenberg, E., Nattis, A., Nattis, R. (eds) Operative Dictations in Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45495-5_94
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45495-5_94
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Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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