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Physicochemical Basics of Corrosion at Refineriesʼ Units

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Corrosion Problems and Solutions in Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry

Part of the book series: Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ((TSRQ,volume 32))

Abstract

Physicochemical mechanisms of metal corrosion at refineriesʼ units are described. Low- (T < 100 °C) and high- (T > 200 °C) temperature corrosion problems are analyzed. Corrosion by hydrochloric acid and its prevention, electrochemical mechanism of corrosion in acid, neutral and alkali aqueous solutions of electrolytes are explained. Main factors affecting corrosion rate and its intensity are temperature, pressure, flow regime, and media. The following chemical compounds and mixtures are analyzed from corrosiveness: water, air, hydrogen sulfide, substances containing nitrogen, phenols, polythionic acids, organochlorine and organic chloride compounds, aluminum chloride, sulfuric acid, and alkaline solutions (sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide, amines, sour water, and spent caustic).

Only fools and charlatans know everything and understand everything.

Anton Chekhov (1860–1904), a Russian writer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Israeli Society of Chemical Engineers and Chemists, Association of Engineers and Architects in Israel, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Alec Groysman

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  1. Alec Groysman
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Correspondence to Alec Groysman .

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Groysman, A. (2017). Physicochemical Basics of Corrosion at Refineriesʼ Units. In: Corrosion Problems and Solutions in Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry. Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, vol 32. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45256-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45256-2_3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-45254-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-45256-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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