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Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Consolidation pp 133–159Cite as

Emotional Memory Consolidation During Sleep

Part of the Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics book series (SNPBE)

Abstract

Emotional experiences have a privileged place in our memories. As humans are constantly inundated with information, this adaptive process allows for the preservation of more important emotionally salient events, while allowing less important information to be forgotten. Although the experience of emotion itself releases a bevy of neurochemical and neurophysiological reactions that can benefit memory, recent research indicates that sleep plays a vital role in the preferential processing that leads to long-term consolidation of emotional information. Behavioral, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological evidence suggests that sleep benefits the long-term storage of emotional memories by increasing activation and connectivity among the same brain regions responsible for the initial encoding of emotional experience, and by facilitating the integration of the various elements of the experience into higher level cortical networks. This chapter will review the behavioral and neurobiological evidence supporting enhanced memory for emotionally salient information and the role that sleep plays in this preferential processing. We will conclude with questions that remain in this field, highlighting areas that may be fruitful for future sleep and memory researchers to explore.

Keywords

  • Emotional memory
  • Memory consolidation
  • Sleep
  • Amygdala
  • Hippocampus
  • REM sleep

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Importantly, there we no performance differences between the 9 am and 9 pm 30 min delay groups, and thus they were collapsed.

  2. 2.

    Interestingly, participants who achieved REM during their naps also showed the most significant enhancements toward happy face stimuli, perhaps indicating a valence-dependent system. Few other studies have been able to replicate this effect, however.

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Acknowledgements

National Science Foundation (BCS-0963581) and (BCS-1539361).

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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  1. Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Haggar Hall, Room 122B, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Tony J. Cunningham & Jessica D. Payne

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  1. Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Nikolai Axmacher

  2. University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland

    Björn Rasch

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Cunningham, T.J., Payne, J.D. (2017). Emotional Memory Consolidation During Sleep. In: Axmacher, N., Rasch, B. (eds) Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Consolidation. Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45066-7_9

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