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Fiber Plants pp 127–153Cite as

Cotton Fiber Biotechnology : Potential Controls and Transgenic Improvement of Elongation and Cell Wall Thickening

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Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 13))

Abstract

Cotton is grown on five continents as an economically important crop. Its long, fine, seed fibers are one of the most highly used natural fibers, providing a high-quality spinnable fiber to the textile industry. The cotton fiber undergoes a complex, staged developmental program, resulting in a single cell that is 1.8–5 cm long with a thick wall composed of about 95 % cellulose. Biotechnological improvements have either directly or indirectly enhanced the fiber properties that are important for spinning, including length, bundle strength, and maturity. These experiments have generally targeted carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall structure, and hormone signaling. In this chapter, we present a brief review of cotton fiber development with a focus on processes affecting elongation and cell wall thickening. We discuss rigorous criteria for evaluating studies on transgenic cotton fiber and mention the challenges of performing such research in the public sector. We highlight selected genetic engineering experiments that have resulted in improved cotton fiber quality and discuss future prospects for use of biotechnology to improve cotton fiber and its competitiveness with synthetic fibers.

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Acknowledgments

For support of research in this area, the authors thank the National Science Foundation (Grant # 1025947) and Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC, USA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, USA

    Michael R. Stiff, J. Rich Tuttle & Candace H. Haigler

  2. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, USA

    Benjamin P. Graham & Candace H. Haigler

Authors
  1. Michael R. Stiff
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  2. J. Rich Tuttle
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  3. Benjamin P. Graham
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  4. Candace H. Haigler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Candace H. Haigler .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    K.G. Ramawat

  2. Genetics and Biotechnology, Zobel Forestry Associates, New Paltz, New York, USA

    M. R. Ahuja

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Stiff, M.R., Tuttle, J.R., Graham, B.P., Haigler, C.H. (2016). Cotton Fiber Biotechnology : Potential Controls and Transgenic Improvement of Elongation and Cell Wall Thickening. In: Ramawat, K., Ahuja, M. (eds) Fiber Plants. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44570-0_8

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