Abstract
In this chapter, Salkin and Shenkel concisely summarize their research findings while qualitatively evaluating student interpretations to student handbook policies. They link these findings to how a student handbook can ultimately be improved and lead to more rewarding classroom environments. Additionally, they address these findings in the realm of cyberspeech and social media, an area of expression that is rapidly becoming a significant challenge for public school administrators, teachers, and students alike. This chapter also addresses the critical “why” of student speech policy within student handbooks, discussing the legal, educational, and cultural benefits of clarity about speech rights.
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- 1.
See M.D. Thomson & L. Hoffman-Goetz, “Readability and cultural sensitivity of web-based patient decision aids for cancer screening and treatment: A systematic review,” Medical Informatics & The Internet in Medicine 32, no. 4 (2007): 263–286. or J.J. Guidry, P. Fagan & V. Walker. “Cultural sensitivity and readability of breast and prostate printed cancer education materials targeting African Americans,” Journal of the National Medical Association 90, no. 3 (1998): 165–169.
- 2.
Twin Valley School District (Pa.), “TVHS Student Handbook” (2014).
- 3.
413 U.S. 15 (1973).
- 4.
Bay City High School (Texas). “Bay City Junior High and High School Student Handbook and the Student Code of Conduct” (2014).
- 5.
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union 521 U.S. 844 (1997).
- 6.
Kimberlee Morrison. “Survey: Many Users Never Read Social Networking Terms of Service Agreements,” SocialTimes/AdWeek.com (2015).
- 7.
Everett Public Schools (Wash.), “Student Responsibilities & Rights Policies” (2014).
- 8.
Twin Valley School District (Pa.), “TVHS Student Handbook” (2014).
- 9.
Leeds City Schools (Ala). “Student Handbook” (2009).
- 10.
Bethel 478 U.S. at 692 (Stevens, J. dissenting).
- 11.
Mary Sue Backus, “OMG! * Missing the Teachable Moment and Undermining the Future of the First Amendment–TISNF! **,” Case Western Reserve Law Review 60, no. 1 (2009): 200.
- 12.
Thomas I. Emerson, The System of Freedom of Expression (New York: Random House, 1970) 6–7.
- 13.
Lonnie Sherrod, Constance Flanagan and James Youniss, “Dimensions of Citizenship and Opportunities for Youth Development: The What, Why, When, Where and Who of Citizenship Development” Applied Developmental Science 6, No. 4 (2002): 266.
- 14.
P.S. Bobkowski & P.R. Miller. “Civic implications of secondary school journalism: Associations with voting propensity and community volunteering,” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, published online before print doi: 10.1177/1077699016628821 (2016).
- 15.
For examples of studies that support this idea, see Civic Engagement Among High School Journalists at http://civicsandjournalists.org/category/prior-research/.
- 16.
Amy Gutmann, Democratic Education (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999) 51.
References
Backus, M. S., “OMG! * Missing the Teachable Moment and Undermining the Future of the First Amendment–TISNF! **,” Case Western Reserve Law Review 60, no. 1 (2009): 153–204.
Bay City High School (Texas). “Bay City Junior High and High School Student Handbook and the Student Code of Conduct” (2014).
Bethel v. Fraser 478 U.S. 675 (1986).
Bobkowski, P. S., & Miller, P. R., “Civic implications of secondary school journalism: Associations with voting propensity and community volunteering,” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly published online before print doi: 10.1177/1077699016628821 (2016).
Civic Engagement Among High School Journalists, http://civicsandjournalists.org (n.d., last accessed July 5, 2016).
Emerson, T. I., The System of Freedom of Expression. New York: Random House, (1970).
Everett Public Schools (Wash.), “Student Responsibilities & Rights Policies” (2014).
Guidry, J. J., Fagan, P., & Walker, V., “Cultural sensitivity and readability of breast and prostate printed cancer education materials targeting African Americans,” Journal of the National Medical Association 90, no. 3 (1998): 165–169.
Gutmann, A., Democratic Education. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, (1999).
Morrison, K. “Survey: Many Users Never Read Social Networking Terms of Service Agreements,” SocialTimes/AdWeek.com (2015).
Leeds City Schools (Ala). “Student Handbook” (2009).
Miller v. California 413 U.S. 15 (1973).
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union 521 U.S. 844 (1997).
Sherrod, L., Flanagan, C., & Youniss, J., “Dimensions of Citizenship and Opportunities for Youth Development: The What, Why, When, Where and Who of Citizenship Development,” Applied Developmental Science 6, no. 4 (2002): 264–272.
Thomson, M. D., & Hoffman-Goetz, L., “Readability and cultural sensitivity of web-based patient decision aids for cancer screening and treatment: A systematic review,” Medical Informatics & The Internet in Medicine 32, no. 4 (2007): 263–286.
Twin Valley School District (Pa.), “TVHS Student Handbook” (2014).
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Salkin, E., Shenkel, L. (2017). Applying These Findings to Student Handbooks and Student Speech. In: Student Speech Policy Readability in Public Schools. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44132-0_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44132-0_7
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