Abstract
The term nuts encompasses tree nuts (hazel, walnut, macadamia, and pecan nut), drupes (almond, pistachio, cashew), and the capsule fruit Brazil nut. Serological and clinical cross-reactions lead back to IgE sensitization to plant allergen families, which occur in numerous of these seeds, such as stable storage proteins (2S albumins, 7S globulins, 11S globulins) with the highest relative proportion of total protein. Corresponding IgE sensitizations are associated with severe allergic reactions. Furthermore, oleosins and lipid transfer proteins (LTP, primarily documented among patients from Mediterranean regions) may also cause systemic reactions. Molecular diagnostics, implemented when an allergy against nuts is suspected, is best researched for hazelnut. For other nuts, such as walnut and cashew, several allergens have already been identified, which will allow a similar risk evaluation in the future.
The following chapter is based on a publication (Lange K, Beyer K, Kleine-Tebbe J: Molekulare Diagnostik bei Allergie gegen Schalenfrüchten. Allergo J 2012; 21: 398–402) submitted in the Allergo Journal International 2012, which the authors have now updated and revised.
The authors gratefully thank Prof. Robert A. Wood, MD, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, for reviewing the manuscript, expert editorial assistance, and helpful suggestions regarding this chapter.
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Lange, L., Beyer, K., Kleine-Tebbe, J. (2017). Molecular Diagnostics for Tree Nut Allergy. In: Kleine-Tebbe, J., Jakob, T. (eds) Molecular Allergy Diagnostics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42499-6_13
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