Abstract
The awareness in the last few years surrounding the use of natural resources and landscape transformations has led to the development of several tools designed to evaluate the effects of human actions on them. The environmental evaluation methods, born in the USA, have known different disciplinary evolutions according to the following factors: firstly, regarding the object to assess; secondly, pertaining to the national juridical framework; and thirdly, relating to the progress in this field. Today we can affirm that we have, more or less, as many assessment techniques as countries. In fact, other than the Environmental Assessment Impact and Strategic Environmental Assessment, common to different countries (including many beyond European borders), each nation has developed its own tools related to particular aspects of reality, as mentioned briefly in the previous chapter. Here, we look to compare the two most important methods in force within Europe—those just mentioned and an Italian instrument that has as its object a property or an area known as a “landscape of interest”, more focused than others on aesthetical levels. The reason for this choice is in the contribution it can give to the development of other spatial evaluation instruments—but mostly for the questions related to the evaluation of impacts on cultural heritage.
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Notes
- 1.
The Assessment of Implications on European Sites (AIES), also known as the Habitats Regulations Assessment, is a procedure that makes provisions for the appropriate assessment of planning implications on sites, in view of their conservation objectives and according to Article no. 6 of Directive 92/43/EEC.
References
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Legislation
Council Directive 85/337/EEC of 27th June 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment, Official Journal of the European Communities, no. 175, vol. 28 of the 5th July 1985
Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21st May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora, Official Journal of the European Communities, no. 206, vol. 35 of 22nd July 1992
Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27th June 2001 on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment, Official Journal of the European Communities, no. 197, vol. 44 of 21st July 2001
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Cutaia, F. (2016). Similarities and Differences in the Evaluative Methods. In: Strategic Environmental Assessment: Integrating Landscape and Urban Planning. UNIPA Springer Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42132-2_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42132-2_3
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