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Flood Generation Mechanisms and Changes in Principal Drivers

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Flood Risk in the Upper Vistula Basin

Part of the book series: GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences ((GEPS))

Abstract

Mechanisms generating floods are reviewed and next discussed with regard to the Upper Vistula Basin. Here, floods typically result from (i) moderate-intensity rain that lasts a few days over a large area and drives large-scale flooding, or (ii) high-intensity, short-lasting convective rain causing local flash floods. Outside the mountain part of the basin, especially in the San River catchment, floods are also caused by intensive snowmelt. Interpretation of climate track in flood generation is presented, based on the analysis of observation records from the last six decades and projections for the future. Catchment and river changes affecting the conditions of flood generation are next considered for the last 130 years. They comprise changes regulating flood runoff (catchment reforestation and dam reservoirs construction), changes reducing floodwater storage and accelerating flood runoff (channel regulation, flood embankments, river incision, and permanent impoundment of the Upper Vistula for navigation purposes), as well as the expansion of riparian forests increasing large wood recruitment to channels during floods.

The original version of this chapter was revised: The text in pages 58 and 59 has been rephrased and properly cited. The erratum to this chapter is available at 10.1007/978-3-319-41923-7_21

An erratum to this chapter can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41923-7_21

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the project FLORIST (Flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains) supported by a grant from the Swiss Government through the Swiss Contribution to the enlarged European Union (PSPB No. 153/2010). The study makes use of hydrological data provided by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—State Research Institute (IMGW-PIB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, al. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland

    Bartłomiej Wyżga

  2. Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, ul. Będzińska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland

    Bartłomiej Wyżga

  3. Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Bukowska 19, 60-809, Poznań, Poland

    Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz

  4. Dendrolab.ch, Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 1+3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland

    Virginia Ruiz-Villanueva

  5. Institute of Geography, Pedagogical University of Cracow, ul. Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland

    Joanna Zawiejska

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  1. Bartłomiej Wyżga
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  2. Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz
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  3. Virginia Ruiz-Villanueva
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  4. Joanna Zawiejska
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Correspondence to Bartłomiej Wyżga .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Climate and Water Resource, Inst. for Agric. and Forest Environ, Poznań, Wielkopolskie, Poland

    Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz

  2. Inst of Geological Sci, University of Berne, Geneva, Bern, Switzerland

    Markus Stoffel

  3. Depat of Climatology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland

    Tadeusz Niedźwiedź

  4. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Nature Conservation, Cracow, Poland

    Bartłomiej Wyżga

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Wyżga, B., Kundzewicz, Z.W., Ruiz-Villanueva, V., Zawiejska, J. (2016). Flood Generation Mechanisms and Changes in Principal Drivers. In: Kundzewicz, Z., Stoffel, M., Niedźwiedź, T., Wyżga, B. (eds) Flood Risk in the Upper Vistula Basin. GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41923-7_4

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