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Bleeding Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment of Hemorrhagic Complications in the Intensive Care Unit

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Hematologic Abnormalities and Acute Lung Syndromes

Part of the book series: Respiratory Medicine ((RM))

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Abstract

Bleeding is a common problem encountered in the intensive care unit. The differential diagnosis for bleeding in critically ill patients is extensive and intensivists must quickly identify the underlying etiology to provide the most effective therapy. The majority of bleeding disorders seen in the intensive care unit are acquired due to a variety of underlying circumstances, while inherited disorders of hemostasis, are less commonly encountered, but associated with high morbidity when unrecognized. The two most common inherited bleeding disorders likely to be encountered in the intensive care unit setting are von Willebrand disease and hemophilia. Acquired bleeding disorders may result from a whole host of underlying pathologies, and can be broadly defined into two categories, coagulopathies and platelet disorders. Common coagulopathies encountered in the intensive care unit result from anticoagulant use but also include disseminated intravascular coagulation, liver disease, and trauma. Platelet disorders are quantitative (i.e., thrombocytopenia), or qualitative (i.e., platelet dysfunction), and routinely occur in critically ill patients with a myriad of etiologies. The fundamentals necessary for the prompt recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of these commonly encountered bleeding disorders in the intensive care unit are discussed in the ensuing chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Craig D. Seaman MD, MS & Margaret V. Ragni MD, MPH

Authors
  1. Craig D. Seaman MD, MS
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  2. Margaret V. Ragni MD, MPH
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Correspondence to Craig D. Seaman MD, MS .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Janet S. Lee

  2. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Michael P. Donahoe

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Seaman, C.D., Ragni, M.V. (2017). Bleeding Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment of Hemorrhagic Complications in the Intensive Care Unit. In: Lee, J., Donahoe, M. (eds) Hematologic Abnormalities and Acute Lung Syndromes. Respiratory Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41912-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41912-1_6

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41910-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41912-1

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