Abstract
Sleep disorders are common; as such, they may coexist with medical disorders. As the human body is not an isolated entity, sleep disturbances affect control and outcome of different medical disorders and medical disorders play an important role in sleep quality and quantity. We present three very common medical disorders in children and adolescents that may affect sleep.
Poor asthma control with wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath, which occurs often at night, leads to sleep fragmentation and frequent night time awakenings. This in turn leads to daytime symptoms of sleepiness, tiredness, and decreased quality of life. Hypothyroidism must not be forgotten since some of its clinical features may overlap with patients with isolated obstructive sleep apnea. We review a case, in which, both entities interact in the same patient. Headaches, particularly migraine, are one of the most common neurological complaints in children. A comprehensive evaluation of a child or teenager with headaches should include a complete sleep history and physical examination.
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Abbreviations
- AHI:
-
Apnea/hypopnea index
- BMI:
-
Body mass index
- CBC:
-
Complete blood count
- CMP:
-
Comprehensive metabolic panel
- CPAP:
-
Continuous positive airway pressure
- ENT:
-
Ear nose and throat
- ESS:
-
Epworth sleepiness scale
- OSA:
-
Obstructive sleep apnea
- PLMS:
-
Periodic limb movements of sleep
- PSG:
-
Polysomnogram
- RLS:
-
Restless legs syndrome
- TPO:
-
Thyroid peroxidase
- TSH:
-
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
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Chiang, V., Rodriguez, A.J. (2017). Medical Disorders. In: Kothare, S., Quattrucci Scott, R. (eds) Sleep Disorders in Adolescents. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41742-4_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41742-4_8
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