Abstract
In today’s world, many business transactions and interactions are conducted cross-culturally. In a business meeting, it is essential avoid a major cultural faux pas in order to not offend your business partners. Individuals must adjust their approach to a situation to create a cultural match. In adjusting this approach, cognitive biases are a potential result in cross-cultural scenarios. We investigate the Mirror Imaging Bias, which was found to be a common result of a shortcut to decide how to act in a situation. Physiological metrics were used to see if biases can be detected in a non-invasive manner. It was found that pupil diameter is a reliable indicator of when Mirror Imaging Bias is present. By understanding how individuals process information and are influenced by Mirror Imaging Bias, we can help create applications as well as provide training to help avoid cultural faux pas.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Baker, W.G., Long, J.M.: The cultural heritage of arabs, islam, and the middle east (foreword by jerry M. (mark) long) Brown Books Pub. Group, Dallas, TX (2003)
Keneally, M.: Watch Putin and Obama offend the Chinese at beijing conference. http://abcnews.go.com/International/watch-putin-obama-offend-chinese-beijing-conference/story?id=26832982 (2014)
Parrenin, A., Rau, P.P., Zhong, R.: Impacts of cultural differences in a business environment for french companies in China. Glob. Bus. Manag. Res. 7(1), 93–108 (2015)
Pipes, R.: What to do about the CIA. Commentary 3, 36 (1995)
Salchak, C.R.: Investigation of Mirror Image Bias: Evidence for the Use of Psychophysiological Measures as Indicators of Cognitive Heuristics. Wright State University, OhioLINK
Call, J., Tomasello, M.: Review: does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? 30 years later. Trends Cogn. Sci. 12, 187–192 (2008). doi:10.1016/j.tics.2008.02.010
Perner, J., Lang, B.: Development of theory of mind and executive control. Trends Cogn. Sci. 3(9), 337–344 (1999)
Schaller, J.: Failed mirroring as a cultural phenomenon. Pastoral Psychol. 56(5), 507–520 (2008). doi:10.1007/s11089-008-0132-3
Ren, P., Barreto, A., Gao, Y., Adjouadi, M.: Comparison of the Use of Pupil Diameter and Galvanic Skin Response Signals for Affective Assessment of Computer Users. Instrument Society of America, United States (2012)
Moresi, S., Adam, J.J., Rijcken, J., Van Gerven, P.W.M., Kuipers, H., Jolles, J.: Pupil dilation in response preparation. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 67, 124–130 (2008). doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.10.011
Holmqvist, K.: Eye Tracking: A Comprehensive Guide to Methods and Measures Oxford, p. 2011. Oxford University Press, New York (2011)
Moeller, K., Fischer, M.H., Nuerk, H., Willmes, K.: Sequential or Parallel Decomposed Processing of Two-Digit Numbers? Evidence from Eye-Tracking. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 62(2), 323–334 (2009). doi:10.1080/17470210801946740
Wang, Q., SaLiu, M., ZikeMa, Q.: An eye-tracking study of website complexity from cognitive load perspective. Decis. Support Syst. 62, 1–10 (2014). doi:10.1016/j.dss.2014.02.007
Loftus, G. R., Mackworth, N. H. Cognitive determinants of fixation location during picture viewing. J. Exp. Psychol. Human Percept. Perform. (1978)
Siegle, G.J., Ichikawa, N., Steinhauer, S.: Blink before and after you think: Blinks occur prior to and following cognitive load indexed by pupillary responses. Psychophysiology 45(5), 679–687 (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rigrish, R., Fendley, M. (2017). Investigation of Cultural Bias Using Physiological Metrics. In: Schatz, S., Hoffman, M. (eds) Advances in Cross-Cultural Decision Making. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 480. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41636-6_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41636-6_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41635-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41636-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)