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Pathology of Central Compartment

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Groin Pain Syndrome

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Abstract

Hip pathologies are mainly revealed by groin pain. Pathologies can concern the central or the peripheral compartment of the hip joint. In this chapter, we focus only on pathologies concerning the central compartment of the hip such as synovial pathologies, foreign bodies, ligamentum teres pathologies and global coxarthrosis.

Synovial pathologies are various: synovial chondromatosis, villonodular synovitis, inflammatory or mechanical synovitis. Diagnoses are suspected from medical imaging such as MRI, MRI arthrography or CT arthrography, in patients suffering of groin pain, stiffness and/or blockages. Diagnostic confirmation can only be realized by histological analysis from biopsies best accomplished under arthroscopy.

Ligamentum teres injuries are secondary to hip traumas or micro-instability. Hip trauma is mostly caused by a hyperextension or abduction movement inducing immediate pain and blockages. Micro-instability is secondary to an excessive mobility of the hip. Diagnosis of micro-instability is established according to a set of skeletal and periarticular tissues’ abnormalities associated to pain symptoms. Ligamentum teres can be arthroscopically resected, but at the opposite some technics of arthroscopic ligamentum teres reconstruction have been described. If micro-instability is associated, bony and/or soft tissue anomalies should be corrected.

Coxarthrosis is a chronicle cartilage degradation characterized by a thinning of the joint space on X-rays. The association between groin pain and typical X-ray signs of coxarthrosis is sufficient for diagnosis. Conservative surgery can be considered in the early stage to eliminate etiologic factors of joint degradation. High grade of coxarthrosis can only be treated by total hip replacement.

The peripheral compartment is concerned by pathologies such as femoroacetabular impingement, labral tears and tendon anomalies. Articular chondral lesions will be treated in a specific chapter.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hip and Sports Medicine Department, Lyon-Ortho-Clinic, 29 Avenue des sources (Bat B), Lyon, 69009, France

    Nicolas Bonin M.D.

  2. Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nord Saint Etienne, Saint Priest en Jarez, 42270, France

    Antoine Dangin

Authors
  1. Nicolas Bonin M.D.
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Correspondence to Nicolas Bonin M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy

    Raul Zini

  2. Knee Orthopaedic and Sport Traumatology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy

    Piero Volpi

  3. Kinemove Rehabilitation Center, Pontremoli, Massa Carrara, Italy

    Gian Nicola Bisciotti

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Bonin, N., Dangin, A. (2017). Pathology of Central Compartment. In: Zini, R., Volpi, P., Bisciotti, G. (eds) Groin Pain Syndrome. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41624-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41624-3_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41623-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41624-3

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