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Insomnia in Comorbid Neurological Problems

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Clinical Handbook of Insomnia

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

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Abstract

Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint. Insomnia is not a disease but a symptom arising from multiple environmental, medical, and mental disorders. Insomnia can be transient, of short term, or chronic in its presentation. Degenerative and vascular diseases involving the central nervous system (CNS) may impair sleep either as a result of the brain lesion or because of illness-related personal discomfort.

Chronic insomnia can be caused by neurological conditions characterized by movement disorders starting or persisting during sleep that hinder sleep onset and/or sleep continuity.

Three specific neurological conditions, fatal familial insomnia, a human prion disease; Morvan syndrome, an autoimmune limbic encephalopathy; and Delirium tremens, the well-known alcohol or benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, share a common clinical phenotype characterized by an inability to sleep associated with motor and autonomic activation. Agrypnia excitata (AE) is the term, which aptly defines this generalized over-activation syndrome, whose pathogenetic mechanism consists in an intralimbic disconnection releasing the hypothalamus and brainstem reticular formation from corticolimbic control.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Federica Provini M.D., Ph.D.

  2. IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura, 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy

    Federica Provini M.D., Ph.D.

  3. Department of Cardiology, Sleep Disorder Center, Instituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

    Carolina Lombardi M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Federica Provini M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Carolina Lombardi M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Federica Provini M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Hrayr P. Attarian

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Provini, F., Lombardi, C. (2017). Insomnia in Comorbid Neurological Problems. In: Attarian, H. (eds) Clinical Handbook of Insomnia. Current Clinical Neurology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41400-3_13

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