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Comparative Evaluation for Using Hybrid and Electric Drive Systems in Urban Transportation with Buses

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Electric and Hybrid Buses for Urban Transport

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Abstract

The identification of some optimal routes following the determinations made locally, in the current context, of reaching and applying the strategy objectives of Cluj-Napoca municipality authorities of promoting a common transport sustainable from the point of view of minimizing the pollutant emissions into the atmosphere by adopting some optimal solutions of partially replacing the existing bus fleet, needs creating an initial analysis of direct emissions of pollutants as compared to the EURO 0–EURO 6 pollution norms. The norms are regulated through the EC Regulation no. 595/2009.

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References

  1. Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on type-approval of motor vehicles and engines with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (EURO 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and Directive 2007/46/EC and repealing Directives 80/1269/EEC, 2005/55/EC and 2005/78/EC. Retrieved March 11, 2016, from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32009R0595.

  2. Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 of 25 May 2011 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (EURO 6) and amending Annexes I and III to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. Retrieved March 11, 2016, from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32011R0582.

  3. Varga, B. O. (2015). Energy efficiency of vehicles equipped with hybrid or electrical powertrain for urban public transport (in Romanian). Habilitation thesis, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 18th of September 2015.

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  4. Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 setting emission performance standards for new passenger cars as part of the Community’s integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicles. Retrieved March 11, 2016, from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=URISERV%3Ami0046.

  5. Retrieved December 21, 2015, from http://www.urtp.ro/library/2014-11/2/8._stefano-albarosa_aic_romania.pdf.

  6. Retrieved December 21, 2015, from http://www.techandfacts.com/busbaar-v3-supercharger-station-for-city-bus/.

  7. Economic Commission for Europe. (2014). Proposal for an Electric Vehicle Regulatory Reference Guide, ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2014/13. Retrieved March 11, 2015, from https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2014/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-WP29-GRPE-2014-13e.pdf.

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Correspondence to Bogdan Ovidiu Varga .

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Varga, B.O., Iclodean, C., Mariasiu, F. (2016). Comparative Evaluation for Using Hybrid and Electric Drive Systems in Urban Transportation with Buses. In: Electric and Hybrid Buses for Urban Transport. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41249-8_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41249-8_8

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41248-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41249-8

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