Abstract
This chapter highlights moves away from the strict hierarchies of traditional taxonomy to models where metadata is viewed more as a network. Facetted classification, proposed by the Indian librarian S.R. Ranganathan in the 1930s, offers a new way for simple concepts to be combined into more complex subjects with great flexibility. More recently ontologies, ways of expressing complex semantic relationships between concepts in machine-readable form, have become important in information science.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Library of Quotes. (2012). Hierarchy works well in a stable environment. Mary Douglas. http://www.libraryofquotes.com/quote/837561. Accessed 29 Oct 2015.
Fuller, R. B. (1981). Critical path. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Industry Tap. (2013). Knowledge doubling every 12 months, soon to be every 12 hours. Industry Tap. http://www.industrytap.com/knowledge-doubling-every-12-months-soon-to-be-every-12-hours/3950. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.
Ranganathan, S. R. (1951). Philosophy of library classification. New York: Hafner.
Harper, D. (2015). Online etymology dictionary. http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=facet. Accessed 7 Oct 2015.
Ranganathan, S. R. (1957). Prolegomena to library classification. London: Library Association.
Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time. New York: Harper.
Gruber, T. R. (1995). Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing? International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 43, 907–928.
Brickley, D., & Miller, L. (2015). The FOAF Project. http://www.foaf-project.org/. Accessed 29 Oct 2015.
W3C Consortium. (2012). SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System – home page. http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/. Accessed 29 Oct 2015.
GeoNames. (2015). GeoNames. http://www.geonames.org/. Accessed 1 Feb 2016.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gartner, R. (2016). From Hierarchies to Networks. In: Metadata. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40893-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40893-4_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40891-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40893-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)