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Cord Blood Stem Cell Banking

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Stem Cell Processing

Part of the book series: Stem Cells in Clinical Applications ((SCCA))

Abstract

The potential use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) was first proposed in 1982 by Edward Boyse, whereafter the first successful human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical UCB transplant was performed in 1988 by Gluckman and colleagues on a 5-year-old patient with Fanconi’s anemia. The first unrelated UCB transplant was performed in 1993 by Kurtzberg and Wagner. Since then, UCB, previously considered a biological waste product, has been used as a source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells for HSC transplantation to treat individuals with sibling, related or unrelated, donor cells for a number of malignant and nonmalignant disorders as well as immune deficiency and genetic disorders.

This chapter provides a critical overview of UCB stem cell banking. The advantages and disadvantages of using UCB stem cells over the more traditionally used bone marrow or mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) will be covered. The controversial debate surrounding public versus private UCB stem cell banks (UCB SCBs) will also be addressed. In addition, this chapter will focus on the ethical and regulatory issues surrounding UCB SCBs, the establishment of UCB SCBs in developed versus developing countries, and the use of UCB stem cells in transplantation and regenerative medicine.

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Abbreviations

AABB:

American Association of Blood Banks

ALL:

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

AML:

Acute myeloid leukemia

EBMT:

European Society for Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation

GCSF:

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

GVHD:

Graft-versus-host disease

HIE:

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

HSC:

Hematopoietic stem cell

HSCT:

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

MUD:

Matched unrelated donor

PBSC:

Peripheral blood stem cell

UC:

Umbilical cord

UCB:

Umbilical cord blood

UCB SCB:

Umbilical cord blood stem cell bank

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

    Helen C. Steel, Marco Alessandrini, Juanita Mellet, Carla Dessels, Ahmed K. Oloyo & Michael S. Pepper

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  1. Helen C. Steel
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  2. Marco Alessandrini
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  3. Juanita Mellet
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  4. Carla Dessels
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  5. Ahmed K. Oloyo
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  6. Michael S. Pepper
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael S. Pepper .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Phuc Van Pham

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Steel, H.C., Alessandrini, M., Mellet, J., Dessels, C., Oloyo, A.K., Pepper, M.S. (2016). Cord Blood Stem Cell Banking. In: Pham, P. (eds) Stem Cell Processing . Stem Cells in Clinical Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40073-0_8

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