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Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease pp 329–350Cite as

Postmenopausal Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease Risk

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women worldwide [1, 2]. Female hormones, particularly estrogens, exert a protective role on the cardiac and vascular function through many pathophysiological mechanisms. However, this beneficial effect is abolished after menopause; loss of protection is associated with an increase in the incidence of hypertension [3], diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and, consequently, cardiovascular disease. Indeed, the large burden of cardiovascular disease in women is noted around the age of 50, coinciding with menopause [4]. However, although endogenous estrogens are cardioprotective, the results concerning the potential beneficial effect of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women are contradictory.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hypertension Unit, Athens Heart Center, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece

    Panagiota Pietri M.D.

  2. First Cardiology Department, Athens University School of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece

    Charalambos Vlachopoulos M.D., FESC

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  1. Panagiota Pietri M.D.
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Correspondence to Charalambos Vlachopoulos M.D., FESC .

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  1. Fourth Internal Medicine Department, Evangelismos State General Hospital, Athens, Greece

    Emmanuel A. Andreadis

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Pietri, P., Vlachopoulos, C. (2016). Postmenopausal Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease Risk. In: Andreadis, E. (eds) Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39599-9_20

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