Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Common Skin Bacterial Infections

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Antibiotic and Antifungal Therapies in Dermatology

Abstract

Common skin bacterial infections include superficial pyodermas (impetigo, folliculitis, furuncle and furunculosis, carbuncle, abscesses, suppurative paronychia), due to Staphylococcus aureus with an emergence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin secreting and community-acquired methicillin-resistant strains and/or group A hemolytic Streptococcus; erythrasma, due to coryneform bacteria; and erysipelas, due to Streptococcus pyogenes. Diagnosis relies on clinical appearance and bacterial sampling in difficult cases. Antiseptics and local antibiotics are effective in limited superficial pyodermas. In contrast, extensive lesions and erysipelas must be treated with systemic antibiotics chosen according to the most probable causative agent and the emergence of resistance to antibiotics in some countries.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Del Giudice P, Chosidow O. Superficial pyodermas: advances, recommendations and needs. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2005;210:367–9.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lorette G, Beaulieu P, Bismuth R, et al. Community-acquired cutaneous infections: causal role of some bacteria and sensitivity to antibiotics. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 2003;130:723–8.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gong JQ, Lin L, Lin T, et al. Skin colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in patients with eczema and atopic dermatitis and relevant combined topical therapy: a double-blind multicentre randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2006;155:680–7.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Balci DD, Duran N, Ozer B, Gunesacar R, Onlen Y, Yenin JZ. High prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus cultivation and superantigen production in patients with psoriasis. Eur J Dermatol EJD. 2009;19:238–42.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Talpur R, Bassett R, Duvic M. Prevalence and treatment of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in patients with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. Br J Dermatol. 2008;159:105–12.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kluytmans J, van Belkum A, Verbrugh H. Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, and associated risks. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1997;10:505–20.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Durupt F, Mayor L, Bes M, et al. Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus toxins and nasal carriage in furuncles and impetigo. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157:1161–7.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Boyle-Vavra S, Daum RS. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the role of Panton-Valentine leukocidin. Lab Investig J Tech Methods Pathol. 2007;87:3–9.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lina G, Piémont Y, Godail-Gamot F, et al. Involvement of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 1999;29:1128–32.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Del Giudice P, Bes M, Hubiche T, et al. Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus strains are associated with follicular skin infections. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2011;222:167–70.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Amagai M, Matsuyoshi N, Wang ZH, Andl C, Stanley JR. Toxin in bullous impetigo and staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome targets desmoglein 1. Nat Med. 2000;6:1275–7.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hanakawa Y, Stanley JR. Mechanisms of blister formation by staphylococcal toxins. J Biochem (Tokyo). 2004;136:747–50.

    Google Scholar 

  13. King MD, Humphrey BJ, Wang YF, Kourbatova EV, Ray SM, Blumberg HM. Emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA 300 clone as the predominant cause of skin and soft-tissue infections. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:309–17.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Iyer S, Jones DH. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infection: a retrospective analysis of clinical presentation and treatment of a local outbreak. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;50:854–8.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Del Giudice P, Bes M, Hubiche T, et al. Clinical manifestations and outcome of skin infections caused by the community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone ST80-IV. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV. 2011;25:164–9.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Del Giudice P, Blanc V, Durupt F, et al. Emergence of two populations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological features, isolated from patients with community-acquired skin infections. Br J Dermatol. 2006;154:118–24.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Oehmcke S, Shannon O, Mörgelin M, Herwald H. Streptococcal M proteins and their role as virulence determinants. Clin Chim Acta Int J Clin Chem. 2010;411:1172–80.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hung C-H, Tsao N, Zeng Y-F, et al. Synergistic effects of streptolysin S and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B on the mouse model of group A streptococcal infection. Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl). 2012;201:357–69.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Seppälä H, Nissinen A, Järvinen H, et al. Resistance to erythromycin in group A streptococci. N Engl J Med. 1992;326:292–7.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bingen E, Bidet P, Mihaila-Amrouche L, et al. Emergence of macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes strains in French children. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48:3559–62.

    Google Scholar 

  21. D’ Humières C, Cohen R, Levy C, et al. Decline in macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from French children. Int J Med Microbiol IJMM. 2012;302:300–3.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Cocuzza CE, Mattina R, Mazzariol A, et al. High incidence of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes in Monza (North Italy) in untreated children with symptoms of acute pharyngo-tonsillitis: an epidemiological and molecular study. Microb Drug Resist Larchmt N. 1997;3:371–8.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Michos AG, Bakoula CG, Braoudaki M, et al. Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes: prevalence, resistance determinants, and emm types. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2009;64:295–9.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Montseny JJ, Meyrier A, Kleinknecht D, Callard P. The current spectrum of infectious glomerulonephritis. Experience with 76 patients and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1995;74:63–73.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Hay RJ, Steer AC, Engelman D, Walton S. Scabies in the developing world – its prevalence, complications, and management. Clin Microbiol Infect Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;18:313–23.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Cole C, Gazewood J. Diagnosis and treatment of impetigo. Am Fam Physician. 2007;75:859–64.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits de Santé. [Topical antibiotic prescription in primary and secondary bacterial cutaneous infections]. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 2004;131:1018–21.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Villiger JW, Robertson WD, Kanji K, et al. A comparison of the new topical antibiotic mupirocin (‘Bactroban’) with oral antibiotics in the treatment of skin infections in general practice. Curr Med Res Opin. 1986;10:339–45.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Machet L, Wolkenstein P, Vaillant L. Topical antibiotics used in dermatology: efficiency, indications and adverse events. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 2000;127:425–31.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Chosidow O, Bernard P, Berbis P, et al. Cloxacillin versus pristinamycin for superficial pyodermas: a randomized, open-label, non-inferiority study. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2005;210:370–4.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Tschida SJ, Guay DR, Straka RJ, Hoey LL, Johanning R, Vance-Bryan K. QTc-interval prolongation associated with slow intravenous erythromycin lactobionate infusions in critically ill patients: a prospective evaluation and review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy. 1996;16:663–74.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Bidet P, Plainvert C, Doit C, et al. Streptococcus pyogenes or group A streptococcal infections in child: French national reference center data. Arch Pédiatrie Organe Off Sociéte Française Pédiatrie. 2010;17:201–8.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Empinotti JC, Uyeda H, Ruaro RT, Galhardo AP, Bonatto DC. Pyodermitis. An Bras Dermatol. 2012;87:277–84.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ratnam S, Hogan K, March SB, Butler RW. Whirlpool-associated folliculitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: report of an outbreak and review. J Clin Microbiol. 1986;23:655–9.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Pseudomonas dermatitis/folliculitis associated with pools and hot tubs – Colorado and Maine, 1999–2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000;49:1087–91.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Mazza J, Borkin M, Buchholz R, Deleo V. Pseudomonas folliculitis contracted from rubber gloves: a public health concern. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69:e93–4.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Poli F, Prost C, Revuz J. Gram-negative bacteria folliculitis. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 1988;115:797–800.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Perry PK, Cook-Bolden FE, Rahman Z, Jones E, Taylor SC. Defining pseudofolliculitis barbae in 2001: a review of the literature and current trends. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;46(2 Suppl):S113–9.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Rohana AR, Rosli MK, Nik Rizal NY, Shatriah I, Wan Hazabbah WH. Bilateral ophthalmic vein thrombosis secondary to nasal furunculosis. Orbit Amst Neth. 2008;27:215–7.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Demos M, McLeod MP, Nouri K. Recurrent furunculosis: a review of the literature. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167:725–32.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Van Rijen M, Bonten M, Wenzel R, Kluytmans J. Mupirocin ointment for preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections in nasal carriers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;CD006216.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Davido B, Dinh A, Salomon J, et al. Recurrent furunculosis: efficacy of the CMC regimen – skin disinfection (chlorhexidine), local nasal antibiotic (mupirocin), and systemic antibiotic (clindamycin). Scand J Infect Dis. 2013;45:837–41.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Stulberg DL, Penrod MA, Blatny RA. Common bacterial skin infections. Am Fam Physician. 2002;66:119–24.

    Google Scholar 

  44. McDonnell G, Russell AD. Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999;12:147–79.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Bernard P, Jarlier V, Santerre-Henriksen A. Antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains responsible for community-acquired skin infections. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 2008;135:13–9.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Mahé A. Treatment of pseudofolliculitis barbae: recommendations. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 1999;126:543–4.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Battle Jr EF, Hobbs LM. Laser-assisted hair removal for darker skin types. Dermatol Ther. 2004;17:177–83.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Schulze R, Meehan KJ, Lopez A, et al. Low-fluence 1,064-nm laser hair reduction for pseudofolliculitis barbae in skin types IV, V, and VI. Dermatol Surg Off Publ Am Soc Dermatol Surg Al. 2009;35:98–107.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Xia Y, Cho S, Howard RS, Maggio KL. Topical eflornithine hydrochloride improves the effectiveness of standard laser hair removal for treating pseudofolliculitis barbae: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67:694–9.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Böni R, Nehrhoff B. Treatment of gram-negative folliculitis in patients with acne. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4:273–6.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Ladhani S, Garbash M. Staphylococcal skin infections in children: rational drug therapy recommendations. Paediatr Drugs. 2005;7:77–102.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Iyer SP, Kadam P, Gore MA, Subramaniyan P. Excision of carbuncle with primary split thickness skin grafting as a new treatment modality. Int Wound J. 2012;10:697–702.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Carré N, Sillam F, Dabas J-P, et al. Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes nasal colonization and skin infection: screening in case of outbreak in a school environment. Médecine Mal Infect. 2008;38:483–8.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Carré N, Herbreteau N, Askeur N, et al. Outbreak of skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes in pupils and their relatives. Médecine Mal Infect. 2011;41:364–71.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Cohen PR. Cutaneous community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in participants of athletic activities. South Med J. 2005;98:596–602.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Watanakunakorn C, Axelson C, Bota B, Stahl C. Mupirocin ointment with and without chlorhexidine baths in the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in nursing home residents. Am J Infect Control. 1995;23:306–9.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Doebbeling BN, Reagan DR, Pfaller MA, Houston AK, Hollis RJ, Wenzel RP. Long-term efficacy of intranasal mupirocin ointment. A prospective cohort study of Staphylococcus aureus carriage. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:1505–8.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Smith CH, Goldman RD. Staphylococcus aureus decolonization for recurrent skin and soft tissue infections in children. Can Fam Phys Méd Fam Can. 2012;58:1350–2.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Loveday HP, Pellowe CM, Jones SRLJ, Pratt RJ. A systematic review of the evidence for interventions for the prevention and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (1996-2004): report to the Joint MRSA Working Party (Subgroup A). J Hosp Infect. 2006;63 Suppl 1:S45–70.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Coia JE, Duckworth GJ, Edwards DI, et al. Guidelines for the control and prevention of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in healthcare facilities. J Hosp Infect. 2006;63 Suppl 1:S1–44.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Dow G, Field D, Mancuso M, Allard J. Decolonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus during routine hospital care: efficacy and long-term follow-up. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol J Can Mal Infect Microbiol Médicale AMMI Can. 2010;21:38–44.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Del Giudice P, Blanc V, de Rougemont A, et al. Primary skin abscesses are mainly caused by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus strains. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2009;219:299–302.

    Google Scholar 

  63. DeLeo FR, Otto M, Kreiswirth BN, Chambers HF. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet. 2010;375:1557–68.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Duong M, Markwell S, Peter J, Barenkamp S. Randomized, controlled trial of antibiotics in the management of community-acquired skin abscesses in the pediatric patient. Ann Emerg Med. 2010;55:401–7.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Schmitz GR, Bruner D, Pitotti R, et al. Randomized controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for uncomplicated skin abscesses in patients at risk for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Ann Emerg Med. 2010;56:283–7.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Rockwell PG. Acute and chronic paronychia. Am Fam Physician. 2001;63:1113–6.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Mooser G, Pillekamp H, Peter RU. [Suppurative acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau. A differential diagnosis of paronychia]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1946. 1998;123:386–90.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Holdiness MR. Management of cutaneous erythrasma. Drugs. 2002;62:1131–41.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Montes LF, Dobson H, Dodge BG, Knowles WR. Erythrasma and diabetes mellitus. Arch Dermatol. 1969;99:674–80.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Dalal A, Likhi R. Corynebacterium minutissimum bacteremia and meningitis: a case report and review of literature. J Infect. 2008;56:77–9.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Hamann K, Thorn P. Systemic or local treatment of erythrasma? A comparison between erythromycin tablets and Fucidin cream in general practice. Scand J Prim Health Care. 1991;9:35–9.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Avci O, Tanyildizi T, Kusku E. A comparison between the effectiveness of erythromycin, single-dose clarithromycin and topical fusidic acid in the treatment of erythrasma. J Dermatol Treat. 2013;24:70–4.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Chodkiewicz HM, Cohen PR. Erythrasma: successful treatment after single-dose clarithromycin. Int J Dermatol. 2013;52:516–8.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Grigoriu D, Grigoriu A. Double-blind comparison of the efficacy, toleration and safety of tioconazole base 1% and econazole nitrate 1% creams in the treatment of patients with fungal infections of the skin or erythrasma. Dermatologica. 1983;166 Suppl 1:8–13.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Darras-Vercambre S, Carpentier O, Vincent P, Bonnevalle A, Thomas P. Photodynamic action of red light for treatment of erythrasma: preliminary results. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2006;22:153–6.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Bernard P, Chosidow O, Vaillant L, French Erysipelas Study Group. Oral pristinamycin versus standard penicillin regimen to treat erysipelas in adults: randomised, non-inferiority, open trial. BMJ. 2002;325:864.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Gabillot-Carré M, Roujeau J-C. Acute bacterial skin infections and cellulitis. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2007;20:118–23.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Bartholomeeusen S, Vandenbroucke J, Truyers C, Buntinx F. Epidemiology and comorbidity of erysipelas in primary care. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2007;215:118–22.

    Google Scholar 

  79. James WD. Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection. Arch Dermatol. 1984;120:85–6.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Brady MT. Cellulitis of the penis and scrotum due to group B streptococcus. J Urol. 1987;137:736–7.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Lebre C, Girard-Pipau F, Roujeau JC, Revuz J, Saiag P, Chosidow O. Value of fine-needle aspiration in infectious cellulitis. Arch Dermatol. 1996;132:842–3.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Gunderson CG, Martinello RA. A systematic review of bacteremias in cellulitis and erysipelas. J Infect. 2012;64:148–55.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Bonnetblanc J-M, Bédane C. Erysipelas: recognition and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4:157–63.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Masmoudi A, Maaloul I, Turki H, et al. Erysipelas after breast cancer treatment (26 cases). Dermatol Online J. 2005;11:12.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Roujeau J-C, Sigurgeirsson B, Korting H-C, Kerl H, Paul C. Chronic dermatomycoses of the foot as risk factors for acute bacterial cellulitis of the leg: a case-control study. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2004;209:301–7.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Mokni M, Dupuy A, Denguezli M, et al. Risk factors for erysipelas of the leg in Tunisia: a multicenter case-control study. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2006;212:108–12.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Dupuy A, Benchikhi H, Roujeau JC, et al. Risk factors for erysipelas of the leg (cellulitis): case-control study. BMJ. 1999;318:1591–4.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Björnsdóttir S, Gottfredsson M, Thórisdóttir AS, et al. Risk factors for acute cellulitis of the lower limb: a prospective case-control study. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 2005;41:1416–22.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Jorup-Rönström C, Britton S. Recurrent erysipelas: predisposing factors and costs of prophylaxis. Infection. 1987;15:105–6.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Leclerc S, Teixeira A, Mahé E, Descamps V, Crickx B, Chosidow O. Recurrent erysipelas: 47 cases. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2007;214:52–7.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Glatz M, Degen D, French LE, Aberer W, Müllegger RR. Erysipelas of the thigh and the gluteal region: retrospective multicenter analysis of a very rare entity in 39 patients. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2012;225:277–83.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Gunderson CG. Cellulitis: definition, etiology, and clinical features. Am J Med. 2011;124:1113–22.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Crickx B, Chevron F, Sigal-Nahum M, et al. Erysipelas: epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic data (111 cases). Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 1991;118:11–6.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Chosidow O. Subacute forms of necrotizing fasciitis and necrotizing cellulitis: diagnosis criteria and surgical decision-making. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 2001;128:390–3.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Picard D, Klein A, Grigioni S, Joly P. Risk factors for abscess formation in patients with superficial cellulitis (erysipelas) of the leg. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168:859–63.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Wong C-H, Khin L-W, Heng K-S, Tan K-C, Low C-O. The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:1535–41.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Rahmouni A, Chosidow O, Mathieu D, et al. MR imaging in acute infectious cellulitis. Radiology. 1994;192:493–6.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Derancourt C. Management of erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis [Management of erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2001;128:458–62.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Kilburn SA, Featherstone P, Higgins B, Brindle R. Interventions for cellulitis and erysipelas. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;CD004299.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Bernard P, Plantin P, Roger H, et al. Roxithromycin versus penicillin in the treatment of erysipelas in adults: a comparative study. Br J Dermatol. 1992;127:155–9.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Hepburn MJ, Dooley DP, Skidmore PJ, Ellis MW, Starnes WF, Hasewinkle WC. Comparison of short-course (5 days) and standard (10 days) treatment for uncomplicated cellulitis. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:1669–74.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Prokocimer P, De Anda C, Fang E, Mehra P, Das A. Tedizolid phosphate vs linezolid for treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections: the ESTABLISH-1 randomized trial. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 2013;309:559–69.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Perrot JL, Perrot S, Laporte SS. Is anticoagulant therapy useful when treating erysipelas? Ann Dermatol Vénéréol. 2001;128:352–7.

    Google Scholar 

  104. UK Dermatology Clinical Trials Network’s PATCH Trial Team, Thomas K, Crook A, et al. Prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of cellulitis (erysipelas) of the leg: results of the UK Dermatology Clinical Trials Network’s PATCH II trial. Br J Dermatol. 2012;166:169–78.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Koster JB, Kullberg BJ, van der Meer JWM. Recurrent erysipelas despite antibiotic prophylaxis: an analysis from case studies. Neth J Med. 2007;65:89–94.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Vignes S, Dupuy A. Recurrence of lymphoedema-associated cellulitis (erysipelas) under prophylactic antibiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV. 2006;20:818–22.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Kremer M, Zuckerman R, Avraham Z, Raz R. Long-term antimicrobial therapy in the prevention of recurrent soft-tissue infections. J Infect. 1991;22:37–40.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Cox NH. Oedema as a risk factor for multiple episodes of cellulitis/erysipelas of the lower leg: a series with community follow-up. Br J Dermatol. 2006;155:947–50.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Chosidow O, Le Cleach L. Prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of cellulitis (erysipelas) of the leg. A commentary. Br J Dermatol. 2012;166:6.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dermatology Department, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France

    S. Ingen-Housz-Oro & O. Chosidow

  2. Unit of Dermatology and Infectiology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Fréjus Saint Raphaël, Fréjus, France

    P. Del Giudice

  3. INSERM, Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1430, APHP, Créteil, France

    O. Chosidow

  4. Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne UPEC, Créteil, France

    O. Chosidow

Authors
  1. S. Ingen-Housz-Oro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. Del Giudice
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. Chosidow
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to O. Chosidow .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Iceland,(Hudlaeknastodin Dermatology Clinic), Kopavogur, Iceland

    Jón Hjaltalín Ólafsson

  2. Cutaneous Infection Clinic, Dermatology, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

    Roderick James Hay

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ingen-Housz-Oro, S., Del Giudice, P., Chosidow, O. (2016). Common Skin Bacterial Infections. In: Ólafsson, J., Hay, R. (eds) Antibiotic and Antifungal Therapies in Dermatology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39424-4_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39424-4_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39422-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-39424-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation