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Regulation of Tumor Progression and Metastasis by Bone Marrow-Derived Microenvironments

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Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment

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Abstract

Activating mutations in driver oncogenes and loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. Accordingly, therapies targeting key tumor cell-intrinsic signaling pathways are being used in clinical trials, and some have met FDA approval. However, these treatments benefit only a small proportion of patients harboring key driver mutations, and acquired resistance to these therapies presents a major impediment to effective treatment. More recently, the contribution of the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been an area of active investigation and has begun to provide critical insights into carcinogenesis. The host stromal cells in the TME coevolve with tumors and contribute to carcinogenesis in several ways. Among the host cells, bone marrow (BM)-derived cells constitute a significant fraction and directly contribute to proliferation, invasion, intravasation, extravasation, and outgrowth at the metastatic site. While the tumor-reprogrammed BM cells constitute attractive targets for anticancer therapy, recent studies have also begun to unravel their role as prognostic and predictive molecular markers of the disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, 417 East 68 Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Tina El Rayes

  2. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Dingcheng Gao & Vivek Mittal

  3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Dingcheng Gao, Nasser K. Altorki & Vivek Mittal

  4. Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Dingcheng Gao, Nasser K. Altorki & Vivek Mittal

  5. Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Ole Maaløes Vej 5, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark

    Thomas R. Cox & Janine T. Erler

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  1. Tina El Rayes
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  2. Dingcheng Gao
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Correspondence to Tina El Rayes or Vivek Mittal .

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  1. Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Lars A. Akslen

  2. Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Randolph S. Watnick

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El Rayes, T., Gao, D., Altorki, N.K., Cox, T.R., Erler, J.T., Mittal, V. (2017). Regulation of Tumor Progression and Metastasis by Bone Marrow-Derived Microenvironments. In: Akslen, L., Watnick, R. (eds) Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39147-2_13

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