Abstract
Conventional correlational analysis and conventional null hypothesis statistical testing (NHST) (e.g., multiple regression analysis including structural equation modeling) assume symmetrical relationships between the independent variables and a dependent variable (Fiss, 2011; Ragin, 2006b, 2008a; Woodside, 2013). The conventional methods represent a “net effects” estimation approach to research (Ragin, 2006b). This means that if the researcher using traditional statistical analysis models a high performance outcome (e.g. the ability to develop product innovations) then the inverse (namely the inability for inventors to successfully develop innovations) results from the same causes, except that the sign of the coefficients change (Fiss, 2011). Net-effects thinking is problematic since significant correlations among the independent variables almost always occur in studies with high numbers of variables (e.g. 10 or more).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Fiss, P. C. (2011). Building better causal theories: A fuzzy set approach to typologies in organization research. Academy of Management Journal, 54(2), 393–420.
Gawande, A. (2009). The checklist manifesto. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books.
Gladwell, M. (2010). Amazon exclusive: Malcolm Gladwell reviews The Checklist Manifesto. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com/Checklist-Manifesto-How-Things-Right/dp/0805091742/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1362928191&sr=11&keywords=Checklist+Manifesto
Goldstein, D. G., & Gigerenzer, G. (2009). Fast and frugal forecasting. International Journal of Forecasting, 25(4), 760–772. doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2009.05.01.
Lambert, S. J., & Fairweather, J. R. (2010). The socio-technical networks of technology users’ innovation in New Zealand: A fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Canterbury: Lincoln University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10182/3339.
McClelland, D. C. (1998). Identifying competencies with behavioral-event interviews. Psychological Science, 9(5), 331–339. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00065.
Prado, A. M., & Woodside, A. G. (2013). Causal recipes of firm self-regulation via adoption of international produce certification standards. Alajuela: INCAE Business School.
Ragin, C. C. (2000). Fuzzy-set social science. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Ragin, C. C. (2006a). How case-orientated research challenges variable-orientated research. Comparative Social Research, 16, 27–42.
Ragin, C. C. (2006b). The limitations of net-effect thinking. In B. Rihoux & H. Grimm (Eds.), Innovative comparative methods for policy analysis. Beyond the quantitative-qualitative divide (pp. 13–41). New York, NY: Springer.
Ragin, C. C. (2006c). Set relations in social research: Evaluating their consistency and coverage. Political Analysis, 14(3), 291–310. doi:10.1093/pan/mpj019.
Ragin, C. C. (2008a). Online tutorial: Qualitative comparative analysis and fuzzy sets. Retrieved from http://www.fsqca.com
Ragin, C. C. (2008c). Redesigning social inquiry: Fuzzy sets and beyond. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Ragin, C. C., & Fiss, P. C. (2008). Net effects analysis versus configurational analysis: An empirical demonstration. In C. C. Ragin (Ed.), Redesigning social inquiry: Fuzzy sets and beyond (pp. 190–212). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Woodside, A. G. (2013). Moving beyond multiple regression analysis to algorithms: Calling of adoption of a paradigm shift from symmetric to asymmetric thinking in data analysis and crafting theory. Journal of Business Research, 66, 463–472. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.12.02.
Zipple, A., & Gawande, A. (2010). The checklist manifesto: How to get things right. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 34(1), 76–77. doi:10.2975/34.1.2010.74-7.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Woodside, A., de Villiers, R., Marshall, R. (2016). Delimiting Performance Outcomes. In: Incompetency and Competency Training. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39108-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39108-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39106-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-39108-3
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)