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Nucleosome Dynamics Studied by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer

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The Functional Nucleus

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Abstract

Chromatin is a hierarchical structure that condenses the genetic material into a nucleus of less than 10 μm in diameter, while at the same time providing rapid on-demand access to specific DNA loci. This dual role requires a tightly regulated yet highly dynamic DNA packaging, with the nucleosome as the central repeating unit. The nucleosome is composed of multiple protein subunits with distinct dynamic properties and can undergo spontaneous conformational transitions.

Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) is a powerful method to analyze such conformational changes in nucleosomes. In this chapter we will review its concepts and describe different implementations of FRET, with a special emphasis on single molecule techniques. We will conclude with a brief overview of recent experiments, where FRET was successfully used to shed light on the dynamic properties of nucleosomes. These include the unwrapping dynamics in the entry/exit region, the pathway by which they disassemble and the role of posttranslational modifications on nucleosome architecture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division Biophysics of Macromolecules, DKFZ (German Cancer Research Center), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Alexander Gansen & Jörg Langowski

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  1. Alexander Gansen
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  2. Jörg Langowski
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Correspondence to Alexander Gansen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    David P. Bazett-Jones

  2. Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Graham Dellaire

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Gansen, A., Langowski, J. (2016). Nucleosome Dynamics Studied by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. In: Bazett-Jones, D., Dellaire, G. (eds) The Functional Nucleus. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38882-3_15

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