Abstract
The manufacturing cost of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is particularly low. It contributes to making these drinks particularly affordable and to encourage consumption. Taxation has been increasingly suggested as a way to increase SSB price and discourage demand, as part of a comprehensive prevention strategy. Lessons from tobacco control confirm that taxation can be a valuable instrument, although the comparison with SSB should be made cautiously. Economic simulations tend to position SSB taxes among the most cost-effective interventions because of their low cost of implementation, the critical mass of the population they may reach, the revenues they generate and their sustainability. Evidence from soda taxes implemented in the “real world” has to be considered to confirm these predictions.
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Notes
- 1.
Including carbonated beverages, fruit drinks, sports and energy drinks, and other drinks with added sugars.
- 2.
Including Ontario’s Healthy kids strategy (Ontario Ministry of health and long term care 2014), Quebec’s Plan d’action gouvernemental de promotion des saines habitudes de vie et de prévention des problèmes reliés au poids 2006–2012 (Lachance et al. 2006) and Québec en forme movement (2016), Healthy eating Nova Scotia strategy (Government of Nova Scotia 2011), New Brunswick’s Wellness strategy 2014–2021 (Government of New Brunswick 2014), Manitoba’s Healthy eating guidelines, services and programmes (Government of Manitoba 2016), Healthy families BC (Government of British Columbia 2012), Prince Edward Island’s Healthy Eating Strategy 2011–2015 (Healthy eating alliance 2011b), Saskatchewan’s Nourishing minds (Saskatchewan Ministry of education 2012) and Northern Healthy Communities Partnership (NHCP 2013), Alberta’s Healthy eating starts here (Alberta health services 2016), Newfoundland and Labrador’s Healthy People, Healthy Families, Healthy Communities (Newfoundland and Labrador Department of health and community services 2015), Northwest territories’ Community wellness Initiatives (Northwest territories health and social services 2015), Yukon’s Health investment fund (Yukon Health and social services 2015) and Nunavut’s Nutrition framework for action (Nunavut Department of health and social services 2007).
- 3.
Including Ontario’s School food and beverage policy (Ontario Ministry of education 2010), Quebec’s Framework Policy on Healthy Eating and Active Living—Going the Healthy Route at School (Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport 2009), Food and Nutrition Policy for Nova Scotia Public Schools (Government of Nova Scotia 2006), New Brunswick’s Policy 711: Healthier Foods and Nutrition in Public Schools (New Brunswick Department of education 2008), Manitoba’s Moving Forward with School Nutrition Guidelines (Government of Manitoba 2014), Guidelines for food and beverage sales in B.C. schools (British Columbia’s Ministry of health 2014), Prince Edward Island’s School nutrition policies (Healthy eating alliance 2011a), Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Food Safety Guidelines for Saskatchewan Schools (Saskatchewan Ministry of education 2012), Alberta’s Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth (Alberta government 2012), Newfoundland and Labrador’s School food guidelines (Government of Newfoundland and Labrador 2006), Northwest territories’ Guidelines for Healthy Foods in Facilities (Northwest territories health and social services 2006), Yukon’s School nutrition policy (Yukon Education 2008) and Nunavut’s Food guide educator’s handbook (Nunavut health and social services 2012).
- 4.
Versus “overall inflation in Canada”.
- 5.
For price elasticity terms of reference, see Chap. 6, Box 6.1.
- 6.
The authors experimented two approaches, based (1) on legal sales data excluding the regions and years where the smuggling problem was the worst and (2) micro-data on consumer cigarette expenditures. Their estimations of price elasticities using these two different methods were “strikingly similar”, which increases confidence in their conclusions (Gruber et al. 2003, p. 840).
- 7.
Such recommendations have also been suggested by various Canadian organizations (Ries and von Tigerstrom 2011). At the federal level, this includes the parliamentary standing committee on health (Merrifield 2007), the advisor on healthy children and youth (Health Canada 2007), the Canadian partnership against cancer (CPAC 2010), the Curbing Childhood Obesity Framework (PHAC 2011) or the McMaster Health Forum (Wilson et al. 2012b). In provinces, recent examples of key recommendations include those issued by the Select Standing Committee on Health in British Columbia (Sultan 2006), the Select Standing Committee on Wellness in New Brunswick (Collins et al. 2008), the Quebec Common vision on environments in favour of healthy eating, active lifestyles and the prevention of weight-related issues (Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux 2012) and the Healthy kids Panel in Ontario (2013).
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Le Bodo, Y., Paquette, MC., De Wals, P. (2016). Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation as a Public Health Policy Instrument. In: Taxing Soda for Public Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33648-0_3
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