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Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Oxidation in Neurodegenerative Disease

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Book cover Inflammation, Aging, and Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), once viewed chiefly as damaging byproducts of cellular function, may be better understood as being primarily integral participants of normal biological processes, but that can indeed produce damage at higher concentrations. They may oxidize specific targets in proteins, with definite regulatory consequences, and enzymes that subsequently reduce and restore their targets have been identified. However, increased levels of reactive oxygen species, oxidized proteins, and protein aggregates are hallmarks of most degenerative diseases of aging, and of aging itself. Organisms have devised sophisticated processes for sensing, correcting or recycling such aberrant molecules. In the context of aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, this review discusses the nature of ROS, their reactions with lipids and proteins, and the oxidative products of these reactions. Emphasis is given to the role of all of these as signaling molecules both under normal and degenerative conditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA

    Edward H. Sharman Ph.D.

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  1. Edward H. Sharman Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Edward H. Sharman Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, California, USA

    Stephen C. Bondy

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA

    Arezoo Campbell

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Sharman, E.H. (2016). Reactive Oxygen Species and Protein Oxidation in Neurodegenerative Disease. In: Bondy, S., Campbell, A. (eds) Inflammation, Aging, and Oxidative Stress. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33486-8_11

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