Abstract
In this chapter, two participatory design activities are described in which teenagers create lo-fi designs describing emotions and explain the rationale for their design choices. Designs annotating and describing emotions are categorised as anthropomorphic, abstract, object based, or biomorphic. The chapter concludes: (i) teenagers use a variety of visual metaphors to describe emotions, (ii) teenagers use anthropomorphic visual metaphors most often to describe emotions and (iii) teenagers make more use of abstract and biomorphic visual metaphors to describe ‘negative’ emotions. The effect of materials on designs is analysed, suggesting that teenagers are more likely to create designs describing emotions featuring anthropomorphic visual metaphors when using malleable three-dimensional materials. Suggestions are made for the use of externalisation and personification as part of interactive emotion displays within affective systems. A focus group evaluation of a prototype mobile app is described, which suggests that teenagers place more importance on an affective systems ability to support social relationships than they do its ability to support psychological development. This research will be of value to interaction designers and Child-Computer Interaction researchers seeking to understand how teenagers use different visual metaphors to describe different emotions
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amin AK, Kersten BTA, Kulyk OA, Pelgrim PH, Wang CM, Markopoulos P (2005) SenseMS: a user-centered approach to enrich the messaging experience for teens by non-verbal means. In: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on human computer interaction with mobile devices & services. ACM, New York, pp 161–166
Astington JW, Harris PL, Olson DR (1990) Developing theories of mind. Cambridge University Press.
Bang A, Krogh P, Ludvigsen M, Markussen T (2012) The role of hypothesis in constructive design research. In: Proceedings of the Art of Research Iv.
Bishop C (2005) The social turn: collaboration and its discontents. Artforum 44(6):178
Boehner K, DePaula R, Doursh P, Sengers P (2007) How emotion is made and measured. Int Hum-Comput Stud 65(4):275–291
Botar OAI, Wünsche I (2011) Biocentrism and modernism. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd, Farnham
Butler S, Guterman JT, Rudes J (2009) Using puppets with children in narrative therapy to externalize the problem. J Ment Health Couns 31(3):225–233
Carey M, Russell S (2002) Externalising – commonly asked questions. Int J Narrat Ther Commun Work 2002(2):76
Chandler M, Astington JW, Harris PL, Olson DR (1988) Doubt and developing theories of mind. Dev Theor Mind 1: 387–414
Clynes M, Menuhin Y (1977) Sentics: the touch of emotions. Anchor Press, Garden City
Druin A (1999) Developing cooperative new technologies inquiry: for children with children, In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, ACM, pp 592–599
Eysenck H (1991) Dimensions of personality: 16, 5 or 3? – criteria for a taxonomic paradigm. Personal Individ Differ 12(8):773–790
Fitton D, Bell BT (2014) Working with teenagers within HCI research: understanding teen-computer interaction. In: Proceedings of the 28th international BCS human computer interaction conference on HCI 2014 – Sand, Sea and Sky – Holiday HCI (BCS-HCI ’14). BCS, UK, pp 201–206
Fitton D, Read JCC, Horton M (2013) The challenge of working with teens as participants in interaction design. In: CHI’13 Extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems. ACM, New York, pp 205–210
Fonagy P, Gergely G, Jurist EL (2004) Affect regulation, mentalization and the development of the self. Karnac Books, London
Froggett L (2011) New model visual arts organisations & Social engagement, Psychosocial Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire. Available at: www.artsandhealth.ie/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/New-Model-Visual-Arts-Organisations-and-Social-Engagement.pdf. Accessed Mar 2014
Guha M, Druin A, Chipman G (2005) Working with young children as technology design partners. Commun ACM 48(1):39–42
Guha ML, Druin A, Chipman G, Fails JA, Simms S, Farber A (2004) Mixing ideas: a new technique for working with young children as design partners. In: Proceeding of the 2004 conference on interaction design and children building a community, ACM, pp 35–42
Hoffman ML (1986) Affect, cognition, and motivation: foundations of social behavior, 1, pp 244–280.
Horton M, Read J, Fitton D, Little L, Toth N (2012) Too cool at school-understanding cool teenagers. PsychNology J 10(2):73–91
Iversen O, Dindler C (2008) Pursuing aesthetic inquiry in participatory design. In: Proceedings of the tenth anniversary conference on participatory design 2008. Indiana University, pp 138–145
Klein M (1929) Personification in the play of children. Int J Psycho-Anal 10:193
Lutz C (1988) Unnatural emotions: everyday sentiments on a micronesian atoll and their challenge to western theory. University of Chicago Press.
Marti P, Rizzo A (2003) Levels of design: from usability to experience. In: HCI International 2003, 10th international conference on human-computer interaction
Mazzone E (2012) Designing with children : reflections on effective involvement of children in the interaction design process. Doctoral dissertation, University of Central Lancashire
Mazzone E, Read J, Beale R (2008) Understanding children’s contributions during informant design. In: Proceedings of the 22nd British HCI group annual conference on people and computers: culture, creativity, interaction, vol 2. British Computer Society, pp 61–64
Papert S, Harel I (1991) Situating constructionism. Constructionism 36:1–11
Picard RW (1995) Affective computing
Picard RW, Papert S, Bender W, Blumberg B, Breazeal C, Cavallo D, Machover T, Resnick M, Roy D, Strohecker C (2004) Affective learning—a manifesto. BT Technol J 22(4):253–269
Prinz J (2012) Emotion. In: Calvo P, Gomila T (eds) The Cambridge handbook of cognitive science. Cambridge University Press.
Read JC, Bekker M (2011) The nature of child computer interaction. In: Proceedings of the 25th BCS conference on human-computer interaction, British Computer Society, pp 163–170
Read JC, Beale R (2011) What teenagers think about when they think about safety in the cloud. ACM SIGCHI Workshop, Vancouver
Read JC, Horton M, Iversen O, Fitton D, Little L (2013a) Methods of working with teenagers in interaction design. In: CHI’13 Extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems. ACM, New York, pp 3243–3246
Read JC, Fitton D, Horton M (2013b) Theatre, playDoh and comic strips: designing organic user interfaces with young adolescent and teenage participants. Interact Comput 25(2):183–198
Read JC, Markopoulos P (2013) Child–computer interaction. 2013. Int J Child-Comput Interact.
Read J, MacFarlane S, Kelly S (2006) The ChiCI group. In CHI’06 extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems, ACM, pp 295–298
Resnick M (1997) Turtles, termites, and traffic jams: explorations in massively parallel microworlds. MIT Press.
Resnick M, Silverman B (2005) Some reflections on designing construction kits for kids. In: Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Interaction design and children, ACM, pp 117–122
Reynolds CW (1999) Steering behaviors for autonomous characters. In: Game developers conference, vol 1999, pp 763–782
Salovey P, Mayer JD (1990) Emotional intelligence. Imagin Cogn Pers 9(3):185–211
Susi T, Johannesson M, Backlund P (2007) Serious games: an overview. University of Skövde, Sweden
Velásquez J (1997) Modeling emotions and other motivations in synthetic agents. In: AAAI/IAAI, pp 10–15
White M (2006) Narrative practice with families with children: externalising conversations revisited. In: White M, Morgan A (eds). Narrative therapy with children and their families.
Xu D, Read J, Sim G, McManus B (2009) Experience it, draw it, rate it: capture children’s experiences with their drawings. In: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on interaction design and children, ACM, pp 266–270
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Winterburn, N., Gregory, P., Fitton, D. (2016). Designing Teenage Emotions with a Life of Their Own. In: Little, L., Fitton, D., Bell, B., Toth, N. (eds) Perspectives on HCI Research with Teenagers. Human–Computer Interaction Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33450-9_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33450-9_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-33448-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-33450-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)