Abstract
Cross protection is a well-known phenomenon occurring in virus-infected plants. It is traditionally defined as the protection gained by the plant hosts against infections by more severe virus isolates, as a result of pre-infection with a mild isolate/variant/strain of the same virus. New research during the last 15 years revealed that cross protection completely blocks the multiplication of the secondary viruses in the cells pre-occupied by the mild variant through a novel mechanism that is unrelated to RNA silencing. Reviewing reports of both plant and animal viruses unearths striking similarities between cross protection and superinfection resistance, the latter being a conserved process shared among diverse viruses infecting plants, animals, and humans. These studies further suggest that cross protection/superinfection resistance is a virus-encoded function conferred by one or a few virus-encoded proteins, acting on a step after the translation of viral gene products from the secondary viral genome. A better understanding of the underlying mechanism is expected to lead to improved control of viral diseases through targeted manipulation of viruses.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to apologize to those researchers whose contributions were missed in this short review. Our research is supported by grants and awards from United States Department of Agriculture, North Central Soybean Research Program, Ohio Soybean Council, United Soybean Board, as well as Ohio Grapevine Industries Committee. X.-F. Zhang was supported in part by a scholarship of China Scholarship Council.
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Zhang, XF., Qu, F. (2016). Cross Protection of Plant Viruses: Recent Developments and Mechanistic Implications. In: Wang, A., Zhou, X. (eds) Current Research Topics in Plant Virology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32919-2_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32919-2_10
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